Поетичний синтаксис Івана Низового: виражально-зображальні потенції складного речення

Abstract

Авторка пропонованої статті розглядає складні речення як засіб син- таксичної організації поетичних творів Івана Низового й доходить висновку, що складні конструкції, які різняться і структурною будовою, і семантико- синтаксичними відношеннями між частинами, мають значний потенціал: виступають композиційним і текстотвірним осердям віршового твору, а також є основою таких стилістичних фігур, як асиндетон, полісиндетон, апосіопеза, хіазм. Викладене в статті утверджує думку про те, що складні речення є активним компонентом поетичного синтаксису Івана Низового.

The organization of the syntactic space of a work of art, and poetry in particular, arouses great interest among researchers of different generations. Among the units that have a certain potential to create a vivid poetic narrative, complex sentences were also considered. Given the fact that in the author’s poetic canvas, complex syntactic units are implemented differently, and each poet invests his own meanings in them, we consider it appropriate to pay attention to the syntactic arrangement of Ivan Nyzovyi’s works, since has not been amenable to scientific coverage either in articles, or in monographic works. The purpose of our article is to outline the specificity of the implementation of complex sentences in the syntactic space of Ivan Nyzovyi’s poetic works. To achieve the stated aim we identify the types of the mentioned syntactic units presented in the poet’s works included in the collection “Ukrain’sia Vkraino” and clarify their figurative and expressive potentials in the structure of the poetic text. The research has shown that the syntactic space of I. Nyzovyi’s poems presents complex sentences, compound and asyndetic extended and unextended complex sentences of elementary and non-elementary structure, as well as multicomponent formations with different types of connection. The analyzed complex sentences as structural elements of a poetic text can be combined with simple ones in one text, compose a separate stanza (both in a strong (first or last stanza), and in a weak compositional position), and form an independent, meaningfully complete text. The analyzed syntactic constructions communicatively function as declarative sentences, a questions, and exclamations. The structural and communicative-functional varieties of complex sentences are the basis for the implementation of such stylistic figures as asyndeton, polysyndeton, chiasmus (grammatical, semantic), aposiopesis, which in some cases strengthen other expressive means, in particular, anadiplosis, gradation, homeoteleuton. The foregoing makes it possible to conclude that complex constructions, which differ in structural organization and semantic-syntactic relations between parts, have a significant potential, and not only as grammatical “bricks” for creating a text, but also as a powerful expression of complex meanings. This confirms the opinion that complex sentences are an active component of Ivan Nyzovyi’s poetic syntax.