Регіональні особливості розвитку екстремального туризму у межах Поділля

Abstract

Екстремальний туризм розвивається активно, однак стихійно. У межах Поділля достатньо необхідних природних і соціально-економічних ресурсів для розвитку різних видів екстремального туризму. Для їх кращого пізнання й подальшої розбудови доцільно використовувати наявні схеми природничого районування, де частково враховані й соціально-економічні умови Поділля. На основі цих районувань, враховуючи наявні ресурси придатні для розвитку відповідних видів екстремального туризму, розроблено схему районування екстремального туризму Поділля з виокремленням Кременецькогорбогірного, Західноподільського, Товтрового, Подільського Придністер'я, Центральноподільського та Середньобузького районів. У кожному районі виділено 2-3 провідних види екстремального туризму та 1-2 перспективних у майбутньому. Зазначено, що подальші дослідження розвитку екстремального туризму сприятимуть збільшенню різноманіття його видів, безпеки проведення змагань та тренувань.

Extreme tourism is actively developing within Podillia, but spontaneously. The goal is to consider the peculiarities of regional differences in the development of extreme tourism, taking into account the availability of relevant natural and socio-economic resources of Podillia. The methods of system analysis and generalization, field landscape studies and tourism studies, modeling and GIS technologies were used. It is noted that geographers and landscape scientists still do not pay enough attention to researching the possibilities of the development of extreme tourism, in particular, its individual types. It is shown that Podillia has enough necessary natural and socio-economic resources for the development of various types of extreme tourism. For their better understanding and further development, it is expedient to use existing schemes of natural zoning, which partially take into account the socio-economic conditions of Podillia. An analysis of the existing sport tourism zoning scheme was also carried out, the structure of which includes extreme tourism. On the basis of these zonings, taking into account the available resources suitable for the development of the relevant types of extreme tourism, a zoning scheme for extreme tourism in Podillia was developed, with the separation of Zahidno-Podilsky, Kremenets- Gorbogirny, Tovtrovy, Podilsky Transnistria, Central-Podilskyi and Middle-Buzky districts. In each district, 2-3 leading types of extreme tourism and 1-2 promising ones in the future are selected. They need to be supported both by local village and district communities, and at the state level. The legal basis for the development of extreme tourism and its individual types, holding competitions, etc., also needs improvement. This especially applies to the relations between extreme tourists and local communities in connection with the complication of their established everyday life and activities. The development of the tourist and recreational sphere in the conditions of Podillia is determined by the presence of the necessary, often unique and even unique natural resources, appropriate socio-economic conditions and local traditions and customs. However, for a long period of time, the tourism and recreation sphere developed according to previously established criteria (until the 1990s). Since the beginning of the XXI century. clearly observed trends towards the reconstruction of the tourist and recreational sphere of Podillia, taking into account foreign experience and local conditions. Among the types of tourist and recreational activities, the importance of sports tourism is growing. In its structure, even now, extreme tourism remains in the "shadow", almost unrecognized. This often leads to its active spontaneous development, especially in such areas of Podillia as the Kremenets Mountains, Podil Transnistria, Podil Tovtry, and Middle Pobuzh. Moreover, for certain local communities, extreme tourism becomes profitable. For better development, extreme tourism must be separated from the structure of sports tourism, but developed together. In each of the designated extreme tourism areas of Podillia, 1-3 species will prevail. They need to be supported both by local village and district communities, and at the state level. The legal basis for the development of extreme tourism and its individual types, holding competitions, etc., also needs improvement. This especially applies to the relations between extreme tourists and local communities in connection with the complication of their established everyday life and activities. The proposed zoning scheme for extreme tourism in Podillia and its promising types identified in each district provide an opportunity to better develop directions for the development of individual types of extreme tourism, and to allocate costs for their development. In the future, this will require more detailed studies of the development possibilities of each type of extreme tourism, even those that are not leading in the isolated extreme tourism areas of Podillia, but will be promising in the future. It is noted that further research into the development of extreme tourism within Podillia will help to increase its diversity, the conduct of classes and the safety of training.