Метафоризація як різновид пропріальної номінації (на прикладі французьких топонімів)

Abstract

Процес метафоризації апелятивних лексем є важливим різновидом пропріальної номінації. Топонімічні назви згруповано й проаналізовано за характерними ознаками, які прослідковуються в основі метафоричних утворень. Виокремлено назви з позитивним забарвленням та іронічним змістом.

The process of metaphorization of appellative lexemes is a signifi cant type of proprial nomination. Toponymic names have been grouped and analyzed according to characteristic features, which can be traced in the basis of metaphoric units. Names bearing positive colouring and ironic content have been singled out too. Vocabulary of appeal has been and remains the main source of supply of onomastic vocabulary. Particular attention is paid to the transposition of appellative vocabulary in toponimical, the category of proper names, conversion of proprial morpheme in word building components in different subclasses of names: and topo-bases topoformants. The problem of nomination of personal name and defi ning the criteria of separation from common noun names are among the main issues in contemporary researches in onomastic. In French toponymy appellative units occupy a prominent place. The names of plants, orographic and hydrographic terms are among the fi rst. This is due to landscape features. The relationship between common noun and toponimic basis can be both direct (name corresponds to lexical meaning of common noun) and indirect (relative proximity of the object to certain realities). Non- metaphorical and metaphorical varieties of nomination differ byfrequency of use: the fi rst are characteristic for relatively high frequency, frequency, the second, on the contrary, are less frequency observed in toponymy.