Сучасне хореографічне мистецтво України в контексті світових культурних тенденцій

Abstract

У статті здійснений загальний аналіз окремих актуальних (станом на початок 2018 року) тенденцій розвитку хореографічного мистецтва в нашій країні й на світовому рівні. Надано визначення сутності хореографії. Проаналізований класичний танець як мейнстрім хореографічного мистецтва минулого, а також сучасний танець, що отримав розвиток упродовж ХХ століття. Розглянуті зміни у хореографії на початку ХХІ століття. Обґрунтовані особливості й вказані причини динамічного поширення комерційної хореографії. Виявлено роль науково-технічного прогресу в розвитку сучасного танцю. Вказані характерні особливості хореографії постмодерну у світі та в Україні.

В статье осуществлен общий анализ отдельных актуальных (по состоянию на начало 2018 года) тенденций развития хореографического искусства в нашей стране и на мировом уровне. Предоставлено определение сущности хореографии. Проанализирован классический танец как мейнстрим хореографического искусства прошлого, а также современный танец, который получил развитие на протяжении ХХ века. Рассмотрены изменения в хореографии в начале ХХІ в. Обоснованы особенности и указаны причины динамического распространения коммерческой хореографии. Выявлена роль научно-технического прогресса в развитии современного танца. Указаны характерные особенности хореографии постмодерна в мире и в Украине.

In the publication the general analysis separate relevant (as of the beginning of 2018) tendencies of development of choreographic art in our country and at world level is carried out. In present, XXI-th century the choreographic art is characterized by appearance not only the new dancing directions, but also enhancement of dancing technique that became a starting point of creation of system of record of dance, and over time – formations of special terminology. For today dancing terminology represents open system of names of dances, dancing movements, figures, line items. In the first decades of current century interest in dancing art repeatedly increased in Ukraine and a pattern. Depending on relevant cultural traditions of an era dance means of expression also pass through essential changes. At the same time developed western media culture strengthens a role of a visual component in the modern dancing performances, generating the appropriate characteristics of the existing projects where dance aims at maximizing visualization and creation of images which are easily learned and media are actively broadcast. The requirement of promoting which was deeply connected to the modern dance also serves as the reason of big changes – dancing performances of the international level gradually turn into the effective commercial project oriented on mass production and, respectively, consuming. Now in postmodern choreography special relevance the new form acquires performances which the digital performance is. Its origin was caused by influence of digital technologies which not only qualitatively transformed a performance, but also defined need of its reconsideration for the system of musical choreographic art. The first creative experiments with implementation of the virtual art worlds in computer programs belonged to the sphere of dance. In creativity American and European (English, German, French and others) choreographers for the 2010-th years the resistant tendency of gain of constructive function of media in creation of scenic dance generally was created. Gain of a role of the virtual screen projections during creation of choreographic whole was connected to change of scenic space. Directors treated the virtual screen projections as “other scene”, de facto “the parallel world”. It is proved that tendencies of development of choreographic art in domestic cultural space are: development of such forms as modern, ball choreography, the national, national stylized, variety, oriental dance, hip-hop and also free dancing category; fruitful process of mutual exchange of domestic choreographic culture with European that American cultures in combination with the active appeal in performances to elements of the Ukrainian history, ethnography, mythology; strengthening of interactivity of choreography, use of the technologies inherent for motion picture art. It is found out that on international level the choreographic art is characterized by the following trends: the rapid development of commercial choreography kept by the Internet and progress of technical means for a scene; active distribution of synthetic art forms, strengthening of tendencies to interpenetration of different types of arts which is followed by search the modern of means of expressiveness, a genre variety, violation of canons of classical dance; distribution of different manifestations and types of choreography of a postmodern who are united by unexpected changes of esthetic properties of the work the principles of creation of composition, genre specifics and is a lot of other characteristics. Besides, in postmodern choreography the special relevance is acquired by a new form of a performance as which the digital performance representing the audiovisual (multimedia) project which functions as the commercial art directed to mass audience and its group consciousness acts. In choreographic art of the future such lines will unite: irony, double interpretation, quotation principle, collage of a video series, musical and literary texts, game and animation receptions.