Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) верхньої субліторалі Одеського морського регіону

Abstract

Розглянута роль гарпактикоїд у формуванні загальної чисельності та загальної біомаси мейобентосу у верхній субліторалі Одеського морського регіону. Встановлено, що найбільший вклад гарпактикоїд у загальну чисельність та біомасу відбувається на біотопі обростань (31,8 % та 26,18 % відповідно), а найменший на біотопі піску (8,1 % та 3,1 % відповідно). Приведені данні щодо видового різноманіття гарпактикоїд.

Рассмотрена роль гарпактикоид в формировании общей численности и общей биомассы мейобентоса в верхней сублиторали Одесского морского региона. Установлено, что наибольший вклад гарпактикоид в общую численность и биомассу происходит на биотопе обрастаний, а наименьший на биотопе песка. Приведены данные о видовом разнообразии гарпактикоид.

Meiobentic copepods of the order Harpacticoida from the upper sublittoral zone of Odessa coast region were study. Samples were obtained from three biotopes: sandy sediments, shell, stones covered with a mixture of fouling mussels and various macrophytes. The biotope was determined by the presence of the largest component in the sample. It should be noted that in fouling it was not possible to separate the material with pure populations of mussels or macrophytes and therefore these samples were examined as a mixture of mussels and macrophytes As a result of study species composition of harpacticoids from the upper sublittoral zone of Odessa coast region was identified. A total of 32 harpacticoid species belonging to 21 genera and 13 families were recognized from the region. Family Laophontidae dominated in the number of species (6 species): Heterolaophonte minuta, Heterolaophonte stroemii stroemii, Laophonte thoracica, Laophonte elongata elongata, Heterolaophonte uncinata. Both the family Dactylopusiidae and the family Miraciidae consist of four species. Families Ameiridae, Normanellidae, Harpacticidae and Tisbidae include three species each. Other six families (Canuellidae, Cletodidae, Ectinosomatidae, Peltidiidae, Tetragonicipitidae, Thalestridae) were represented by one species only. Eight out of the total number of species (Ameira parvula p., Canuella perplexa, Dactylopusia Tisboides, Ectinosoma melaniceps, Enchydrosoma sordidum, Heterolaophonte stroemii s., Heterolaophonte uncinata, Tisbe marmorata) were found on all biotopes. Other species were noted on two investigated biotopes or were characterized for one of them. In terms of the number of species found, the substrates are arranged in such sequence – shell (21 species), sandy sediments (20 species), fouling mussels and macrophytes (15 species). The role of harpacticoids in the formation of total meiobenthos abundance and biomass from the upper subtidal zone of Odessa coastal region was been considered. It was found that on the biotope of the fouling mussels and macrophytes the harpacticoid abundance was largest and made up 31,8 % and 26,18 % of the mean for total density and biomass, respectively. The smallest contribution of harpacticoids to the total meiobenthos abundance (8,1 %) and biomass (3,1 %) was registered in the sandy biotope. The shell biotope takes an intermediate position according to these values - 15.8% and 16.9% respectively. The largest abundance and the lowest biomass of the harpactoids were registered on the sandy substrate and amount to 173500 ind. .m-2 and 8 mg.m-2, respectively, and the smallest abundance and the largest biomass were found on the shell substrate – 1500 ind..m-2 and 2304 mg.m-2. The data obtained as a result of the conducted studies allow us to say that the harpactoids in the biotopes from the upper sublittoral zone of Odessa coast region have a significant contribution to the formation of the total abundance and total biomass of meiobenthos, as well as its species diversity.