Поліморфізм біохімічних маркерів бичка-пісочника Neogobius fluviatilis (Pallas) в Придунайському озері Котлабух

Abstract

Використовуючи метод лужного електрофорезу в поліакриламідному гелі, здійснили аналіз генетичної структури угруповання бичка-пісочника в озері Котлабух. Вивчено частоти генотипів та алелів за локусами тканинних естераз та міогенів. Показано достовірну різницю між виявленими та очікуваними частотами генотипів по поліморфним локусам. Проведено аналіз біохімічних маркерів та виявлено поліморфізм для чотирьох генів.

Используя метод щелочного электрофореза в полиакриламидном геле, проанализирована генетическая структура группировки бычка-песочника в озере Катлабух. Изучены частоты генотипов и аллелей по локусам тканевых эстераз и миогенов. Показано достоверное отличие между выявленными и ожидаемыми частотами генотипов по полиморфным локусам. Проведен анализ биохимических маркеров и обнаружен полиморфизм для четырех генов.

There is a monkey goby fish in continental Ukrainian waters and Danube lakes. The most numerous species among gobies fishes. Monkey goby is a commercial fish. Therefor the purpose of researching was identification polymorph loci in monkey gobies grouping in Kotlabukh lake. The material for researching was collected from Kotlabukh lake in Autumn, 2012 by Hydrobiology and General ecology department of Odesa Mechnikov University. The selection of the spectrum of molecular forms of biochemical markers was carried out in homogenates of muscle tissues of fish. For electrophoretic fractionation of the molecular forms of biochemical markers were used a 6% polyacrylamide gel and a Tris-borate-EDTA buffer system. Identification of molecular forms of enzymes (esterases, LDH, MDG) and myogen in the gel after the end of electrophoretic separation was applied by the method of Korochkin. Less electrophoretically mobile alosime was designated as S (Slow), and more mobile-F (Fast). A qualitative analysis of the expression of enzymes of the monkey gobies heterolitic system showed that spectrum was characterized by the presence of five major molecular forms of esterases, each of them encoded by various autosomal loci designated by us, according to anodic mobility like Es1-Es5. Electrophoregrams analysis of monkey gobies spectrum of esterases forms revealed the hereditary polymorphism only for locus 2. For this gene-enzyme system, two alozims were found whose mobility was clearly different in the polyacrylamide gel alkaline electrophoresis. The study of the electrophoretic spectrum of the myogen showed a large number of electro-morphs of this form of proteins. The maximum possible number of such genes, according to our data, is 12 for this species. The loci were numbered according to the descending anodic mobility of their gene products by electrophoresis of proteins. Polymorphism was found for loci of myogen 1, 3 and 7. At the same time, the presence of different variants for genes encoding multiple molecular forms of MDH and LDH was not detected. Thus, it can be concluded that the presence of polymorphism in the grouping of the monkey goby of Lake Kotlabukh is characterized by the genes of esterases and myogen, therefore it is expedient to use these markers in future when analyzing the genetic intraspecies structure of this fish species. An analysis of the genetic structure of the monkey goby grouping in Lake Kotlabukh is carried out. The frequencies of genotypes and alleles at the loci of tissue esterases and myogen have been studied. Comparison of the frequencies of genotypes calculated by Hardy-Weinberg formula at polymorphic loci showed a significant difference between these parameters in the monkey goby grouping at the loci of myogen 7 and esterase 2. At other loci these parameters did not differ significantly. Observed the genetic structure of monkey gobies grouping by method of alkaline polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the lake Katlabuh in 2012. Studied the frequency of genotypes and alleles at loci tissue esterase and miogenes. Shown the significant difference between detected and expected frequencies of genotypes in studying polymorphic loci. Analyzed the biochemical markers and founded polymorphism for four genes.