Необхідність заповідання ділянок остепнених луків урочища "Великосалтанівська балка" в межах Cтугненського природного коридору (Київська область, Україна)

Abstract

Наведено сучасний флористичний склад, відомості стосовно раритетного фітоценорізноманіття урочища «Великосалтанівська балка» Васильківського району Київської області. Запропоновано шляхи забезпечення охорони рослинного покриву й обґрунтовано необхідність уведення урочища до складу природно-заповідного фонду Київської області.

Приведен современный флористический состав, данные касающиеся раритетного фитоценоразнообразия урочища «Великосалтанивська балка» Васильковского района Киевской области. Предложены пути обеспечения охраны растительного покрова и обоснована необходимость введения урочища в состав природно-заповедного фонда Киевской области.

Necessity to create protected areas on sites of steppe-meadows into the "Velikosaltanivska balka" steppe landscape within the Stuhna natural corridor in Kyiv region of Ukraine were grounded. A modern floristic structure and data which relating to the rare phytocoenodiversity of "Velikosaltanivska balka" area in Vasylkiv district, Kyiv region were shown. Thus was established, that flora of the steppe landscape includes the 217 species of vascular plants from 49 families and 143 genera. In this case, the higher spore and gymnosperms have an insignificant role – 1.4% from the total number of species. The results of an assessment of disturbance level into the natural vegetation cover showed a low meaning (3,9) of transformation into the natural vegetation communities of steppe landscape. Nevertheless, the synanthropic processes are revealing by the individual invasions and presence into natural steppe plant communities such adventitious species as Asclepias syriaca L. and Phalacroloma annuum (L.) Dumort. Significant vegetation and floristic structure value of the "Velykosaltanivska balka" steppe landscape due to the presence habitat of rare species – Astragalus dasianthus Pall. and less frequent of plant communities from Botriochloeta ishaemi formation, which located on the northern part of their distribution area. Botriochloetum (ischaemi) purum is the most common cereal associations, which characterized by the massive development of Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng. Another plant communities of Botriochloeta ishaemi, that are typically for the "Velykosaltanivska balka" steppe landscape – Botriochloetum (ischaemi) festucosum (valesiacae), Botriochloetum (ischaemi) calamagrostidoso(epigeioris)-festucosum (valesiacae), Botriochloetum (ischaemi) calamagrostidoso(epigeioris)-festucoso(valesiacae)-lathyriosum (tuberosi), Botriochloetum (ischaemi) festucoso(valesiacae)-teucriosum (chamaedrys). The plant communities of the following association of steppe vegetation in the present vegetation cover are rare distributed. They are natural oases of the steppe vegetation in the Kyiv region, which has been widely spread in the previous time on the studied area. As a result of low suitability for plowing due to the steepness of the slopes, area of the "Velykosaltanivska balka" is characterized by an optimal preserving of natural vegetation, especially plant communities of meadow steppes and steppe meadows that are typically for the Dnieper Upland. Furthermore the "Velikosaltanivska balka" steppe landscape is located closely to the local landscape reserve "Nevidomschina" and the botanical nature monument of local importance "Omelkova hora" within Stuhna natural corridor and included into the Dnieper natural corridor, as one of a significant areas of the ecological network in Kyiv region. For this reason the steppe landscape was proposed for conservation as a natural area of the meadow and steppe vegetation, which supporting restoration of this vegetation type on bordering fallow-lands. Thus, the ways of ensuring the protection of vegetation and the necessity of the introduction of the tract to the nature reserve fund of Kiev region were grounded.