Проектные решения средств передвижения для инвалидов на основе трансформации

Abstract

В статье исследовано особенности проектных решений средств передвижения для инвалидов на основе трансформации. Приведено практические примеры транспортных средств для инвалидов, отражающие квинтэссенцию принципов трансформации и воплощающие основы их построения. Рассмотрено проектные решения и функциональные возможности трансформирующихся структур этих объектов.

У статті досліджено особливості проектних рішень засобів пересування для інвалідів на основі трансформації. Приведено практичні приклади транспортних засобів для інвалідів, що відображають квінтесенцію принципів трансформації та втілюють основи їхньої побудови. Розглянуто проектні рішення та функціональні можливості структур об’єктів, які трансформуються.

Disability is one of the components of human existence. Almost everyone in their lifetime can get temporary and permanent disruptions, especially common for the elderly. Anyway, to improve the life quality of people with disabilities, there are measures required to be taken at the national level and to be carried out by competent authorities. One such national measure is provision to disabled people special devices to ensure proper comfort while satisfying the relevant requirements. An important lever for efficiency improving of this public policy course in relation to people with disabilities is design, involved in almost all the levels of development and implementation of future objects of the appropriate purpose. One of the basic and urgent needs for people with disabilities is transportation, which will help to ensure complete integration and participation of people in the economic, social and cultural life of society. Today in Ukraine the qualitative and quantitative level of this demand satisfying is at an early stage and needs organization and planning. To achieve these goals, powers of research and production should be involved, including design tools. Transformation as one of design principles in this case gains in importance. Using principles of transformation in design process gives an ability to create multifunctional and universal vehicle for people with disabilities. Such vehicle aimed at minimizing both forced dependence of the environment and to enhance the self-actualization and self-realization. The design solutions and functional capabilities of transforming vehicles are analyzed. Wheelchairs must assure descent / ascent stairs climbing and overpassing other obstacles. Mechanical wheelchair “GradiStandard” has special cross-shaped bearings. In “CARRIER” wheelchair these requirements are satisfied with “Galileo Wheel” construction of the wheelpair. The minimal set consists of one pair, with one primary wheel and one auxiliary, that is inside of the primary in the folded state and spreads out of the boundaries in unfolded state to form a track. In the very moment the system of levers begins to move in different directions. Each lever ends up with an auxiliary wheel, which pushes on the rubber wheel rim from inside. Tyre configuration is changing under this force, so it transforms to the shape of trapeze. The main function of the electro mobile “Kenguru” is moving on long distances. Proceeding from this function, it is also necessary to provide a process of an arrangement of the person with disabilities in electromobile salon. The algorithm of this process is simple enough: opening of a door of an electromobile is activated by means of remote control, thus there is an automatic lowering of a special ramp for loading and placing of the wheelchair in salon. Thus, the transforming volume-spatial structure of vehicles for people with disabilities allows to assert, that transformation offers functional advantages in organizing special needs and makes this process more comfortable.