Методологічна схема геополітичного аналізу при формуванні поняттєво-термінологічної системи «геополітична карта світу»

Abstract

Публікація розкриває практичні результати застосування авторської схеми геополітичного аналізу компонентів геополітичної карти світу при вивченні відповідних тем або тематичних розділів у закладах освіти. Доводиться ефективність застосування зазначеної схеми при формуванні поняттєво-термінологічної системи як складової діяльнісного підходу при в освітньому процесі. Зазначені недоліки та перспективи подальших досліджень.

The publication reveals the practical results of applying the author's scheme of geopolitical analysis of the components of the geopolitical map of the world when studying relevant topics or thematic sections in educational institutions. The effectiveness of the application of the used scheme in the formation of a conceptual and terminological system as a system of a component activity approach in the educational process has been proven. Indicated shortcomings and prospects for further research. Understanding the leading trends in contemporary international relations, the directions of globalization, regional processes, and Ukraine's role in this system requires familiarity with geopolitical phenomena, particularly approaches to their interpretation. In conditions of full-scale war, students' need for an objective assessment of socio-geographic events and for establishing their cause-and-effect relationships highlights the priority of studying the mechanisms and forms of geopolitical processes. The implementation of an activity-based approach as a leading educational model requires the search for effective technologies to develop competencies in understanding geopolitical phenomena and processes, as well as skills for analyzing the factors influencing them and evaluating actual or prospective outcomes. For effective organization of the educational process, it is essential to focus on the main content components, classifying them into categories of concepts, representations, and facts. This approach allows for the identification of effective methods and techniques for developing these components. The "visual structuring" technique is the most effective educational format for this purpose. The author's approach to the problem of visualizing the conceptual and terminological system of the "geopolitical map of the world" is based on revealing the interconnections between its main components (geopolitical objects and subjects), where geopolitical influence is the defining element, while the regional geopolitical situation or a global geopolitical model represents their cumulative outcome. This approach allows for emphasis on the key components and spatial phenomena of the geopolitical map of the world, which are visually represented in the structure of a geopolitical model and are formed as concepts within educational activities. Meanwhile, the types, forms, mechanisms, and processes arising from the realization of geopolitical influence between components are considered factors in the development of the geopolitical situation and are formed at the level of representations. Facts are specific events that arise from the manifestation of geopolitical influence and lead to the spatial expression of geopolitical phenomena. The application of visual structuring to the categorical system of the "Geopolitical Map of the World" using infographics and an author's scheme for geopolitical analysis demonstrates its effectiveness, as practical testing has shown positive results in students' mastery of basic concepts and representations, as well as in their systematization. The main achievement is the support of an activity-based educational approach through the use of spatial-structural analysis of geopolitical influence, based on the author’s scheme, to identify the subjects and objects of the political map. The component structure of the analysis scheme requires refinement (simplification) and the search for effective methodological techniques for its universal application.