Підвищення річної температури повітря як індикатор кліматичних змін на території Тернопільської області

Abstract

У публікації обґрунтовано доцільність дослідження кліматичних змін на рівні регіону, зокрема Тернопільської області. Запропоновано аналіз даних численних спостережень за температурними показниками, їхніми абсолютними, історичними та середніми значеннями за період 1946-2020 років, що надало можливість констатувати зміну клімату. Встановлено регіональні тренди кліматичних змін, що виявляються у підвищенні річної температури повітря, в основному за рахунок зимових та літніх місяців.

Climate change, its causes and consequences are an extremely relevant topic today. It is constantly discussed not only in the circles of scientific experts but also in almost all spheres of society because the modern economy is largely dependent on many climatic factors. Climate change is happening quite rapidly around the world as well as in Ukraine. Long-term monitoring of air temperature makes it possible to characterize the climate change trend and the extent of its spread. We would like to point out that in recent decades the temperature in the region is continuing to rise based on the archival data from the Ternopil Regional Center for Hydrometeorology and the research of the Central Geophysical Observatory and the Ukrainian Research Hydrometeorological Institute under the Ministry for Emergencies and NAS of Ukraine. The average annual air temperature rises due to significant warming of summer and winter periods. Regarding the climatic norm, which was calculated from 1961 to 1990, in almost all warm months the temperature exceeds up to 4°C, and in the winter months it exceeds up to 6°C. Having analyzed the observations of the Ternopil Regional Center of Hydrometeorology from 1946 to 2021, we notice that until 1989 the average annual air temperature in the region was much lower than the climatic norm, which is +8,4°C. In the Ternopil region, 2019 was ranked first among the warmest years since 1946, its average temperature was + 10,1°C, which is 1.7°C higher than the climatic norm. According to the Kremenets meteorological station, the average annual air temperature was + 10,5°С in the northern areas. According to the Ternopil Civil Aviation Meteorological Station, the average annual temperature was +9,6°С in the central areas.