Лінгвопрагматичні виміри дихотомічної природи мотиву як текстової категорії крізь призму літератури факту

Abstract

Стаття побудована як метакоментар до тексту художньої біографії Віктора Шкловського «Лев Толстой» в аспекті проблеми породження тексту як поетапного процесу. Запропоновано теоретичний конструкт осмислен- ня тексту мемуарного дискурсу під радикалом схоплення мотиву створення художнього тексту. На тлі розуміння мотиву як пов’язаного з особистіс- тю автора імпульсу до текстотворення проблема мотиву актуалізуєть- ся як проблема авторської свідомості, що перетворює життєвий матеріал на сюжет. У цьому плані виявляється дихотомічна природа категорії моти- ву, яка координує закорінені в смисловій архітектоніці особистості письмен- ника глибинні мотиви із ситуативними як опредмеченими пристрастями, що формуються певною ситуацією.

The article has been constructed as a meta-commentary to the text of Viktor Shklovskyi’s novelized biography “Lev Tolstoi” from the perspective of the problem of text creation as a step-by-step process. The topicality of the study has been determined by the need to provide a detailed analysis of the components of each of the stages of the thought-speech process of text creation. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the relevance of factual literature for understanding the essence of the motive as a linguistic textual category. In accordance with the purpose, the following tasks have been set: to offer a theoretical construct of understanding the memoir discourse text under the radical of grasping the motive of a literary text creation; to consider the text of biographical sources as a space for verification of linguistic correlates of the motive in the literary text; to outline the parameters of the internal organization of the motive as a linguistic text category based on the author’s consciousness. Understanding the motive as a personal impulse to create a text, one can create an awareness of the dichotomous nature of the motive and confirm the hypothesis about the linguistic space of the memoir discourse text as a background for identifying the motive for creating a literary text and an indicator of its linguistic equivalents. In general, the main position of the study is postulated as follows: the problem of the motive is a problem of the author’s consciousness, which turns life material into a plot. In terms of the derived theoretical construct, the dichotomous nature of the motive reveals the author’s experience of the world, which coordinates motives deeply rooted in the semantic architecture of the writer’s personality with situational motives as objectified passions formed by a particular situation. The interplay of deep and situational impulses to create a text ensures the integrity of the motive as a textual category. In terms of communicative and pragmatic direction of text study, this category is concretized as a hyper category, based on certain linguistic signals and embodied in the text by means of pragmatic category of empathy, which coordinates personal author’s senses with the senses of characters, and subordinates the category of modus which is implied by the subject-situational aspect of motivation.