Методичні аспекти сучасного джазового гітарного виконавства

Abstract

У статті досліджено питання формування виконавської майстерності та професійної культури джазового гітариста. Позначено спеціальні методичні аспекти сучасного джазового гітарного виконавства, які сприяють комплексному формуванню виконавської культури: теоретичні уявлення про стиль, розвиток «інтонаційного словника» й техніки імпровізації, розвиток «музичного інтелекту».

В статье исследуются вопросы формирования исполнительского мастерства и профессиональной культуры джазового гитариста. Обозначены специальные методические аспекты современного джазового гитарного исполнительства, которые способствуют комплексному формированию исполнительской культуры: теоретические представления о стиле, развитие «интонационного словаря» и техники импровизации, развитие «музыкального интеллекта».

On the modern level of development of guitar performance the status of jazz guitar has been firmly established as one of the leading professional spheres, which attracts more and more young musicians. Therefore, the actual question is comprehension of methodological aspects of learning how to play the guitar and bringing up the personality of a musician, which is complex in its nature and involves varied aspects of the activity of the student. The purpose of the article is to outline the main methodological aspects in the formation of performance art of a jazz guitarist, which can provide high professional level of the modern musician. Speaking of jazz guitarists, we often face with the fact that although this area of music and professional activity is very popular in the home musical culture, there is still no developed technique of jazz guitar performance. In this article we showed the methodical aspects of formation of performance art of jazz guitarist which, in our opinion, can provide his high professional level and performance culture. Formation of the historical and theoretical ideas about style. It is obvious for any performing musician that he must know the features of musical styles. For jazz guitarists the actual question is history of jazz music that is why it is necessary to recommend students a variety of research that will give them systematic historical and theoretical knowledge. Such knowledge can greatly develop performing individuality of a student and contribute to the development of his creative abilities: in terms of historical and theoretical facts he would have the possibility to «combine» them so that creating his own version of the performance style. This methodical aspect is directly related to the most important task of professional training of jazz guitarist which is the formation of his «intonation dictionary», that is composed of a set of intonation and rhythmic patterns (linguistic units). This is achieved by enriching the aural experience of a student who is being actively developed by a method of listening, observing records of outstanding performers. Another method, which is the most common among jazz musicians, is learning the jazz standards. The development of techniques of improvisation is a key methodical aspect of jazz guitar performance. Forming improvisational skills of jazz guitarist, the teacher should take into account the different levels of student activities, among which there are the two main ones – imitative and creative. Methodological issues of articulation techniques of jazz guitarist can create a completely independent field of guitar pedagogy, because they are directly related to the technology of jazz improvisation. Only having the idea of the harmonic and metro-rhythmic specifics of jazz music, of the principles of formation and composition rules, in other words, having developed musical intelligence a musician can find his own individual style of performance.