Вокально-виконавська діяльність Андрія Алексика у контексті культурних взаємин між Україною та Росією у другій половині ХХ століття

Abstract

У статті досліджено життєвий і творчий шлях народного артиста Росії Андрія Алексика, проаналізовано його особистий внесок у розвиток вітчизняного мистецтва. Розглянуто виконавську майстерність співака, вихованого у системі української освіти та збагаченого досвідом роботи за кордоном, з точки зору міжкультурних зв’язків між Україною та Росією у другій половині ХХ ст.

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В статье исследован жизненный и творческий путь народного артиста России Андрея Алексика, проанализирован его личный вклад в развитие отечественного искусства. Рассмотрено исполнительское мастерство певца, воспитанного в системе украинского образования и обогащенного опытом работы за рубежом, с точки зрения межкультурных связей между Украиной и Россией во второй половине ХХ в.

In article the life and career of national actor of Russia Andriy Aleksyk is analyzed, his contribution to the development of native opera art is examined. Mastery of the singer, brought up in the Ukrainian education system and enriched with experience of working abroad, is considered from the perspective of cross-cultural relations between Russia and Ukraine. Ways of development of modern science staticize reconsiderations of the esthetic principles of foreign schools of art and transfer of their achievements on the national soil. The solution of these questions in a certain degree is caused by orientation of researchers to judgment of development of native art in all its integrity and versatility. In a galaxy of names of outstanding cultural figures who returned home and brought the personal experience to the territory of the native land, the worthy place belongs to the native of Zakarpatye, the national actor of Russia Andriy Aleksуk. Future singer was born in the village Velyki Komyaty on April 18, 1939. At nineteen-year age Andriy Aleksyk got on listening in Uzhgorod music college of a name D. E. Zador. The foundation of professional career of A. Aleksyk was laid exactly here. Training by the outstanding teacher of singing Andriy Zador became creatively singing basis, which has been carried by through actor's lifetime. In 1965 A. Aleksyk entered the Lviv State Conservatory. Here he studied in class of Ostap Iosifovich Darchuk. At that time, he was most interested in opera class. An invitation to the post of singer in Lviv Opera House back in his student days was great joy for future national actor. The role of Miller in «The Mermaid» of Dargomizhskiy – one of the most psychologically complicated vocal parts in operatic literature – became for A. Aleksyk first responsible opera part. Knowing the need for basses in the Gorky Opera, Ostap Darchuk invited him to go there. A. Aleksyk debuted in Gorky in Miller’s part and was immediately accepted into the leading group of soloists. Later, the chief director of the Gorky Opera House George Miller became the chief director of Chelyabinsk Opera Theatre and persuaded Andriy Aleksyk to move there with him. All major opera parts there belonged to him. In opera houses of Gorky and Chelyabinsk Andriy Aleksyk worked for twenty years. His talent was revealed in the famous bass lines from «Faust», «Prince Igor», «The Mermaid», «Eugene Onegin» and others. Although, he was successful not only in his opera performances, but also in concerts and recitals, which the singer always divided into two branches: the first was composed by russian folk songs, the second – by the ukrainian. Many opera characters of different temperaments obeyed to Andriy Aleksyk: comic and tragic, restrained, noble and self-willed. His characters are always convincing, filled with lively sense, the living breath. In 1991, Andriy Aleksyk returned back to Lviv, where he was offered a job in the opera house. He came back with pleasure, though the work was hard. Lviv Opera House gladly accepted famed singer. With great enthusiasm and excitement Andriy Aleksyk performed both global and ukrainian opera repertoire. His vast repertoire contains more than one hundred and thirty works – six full concert programs in two parts, consisting of arias, ballads, romances and songs. In 1993 he was elected the best actor of the year in Lviv. In addition, A. Aleksyk was also engaged in social activities. It is known, that he was chairman of the Lviv branch of the Union of theatrical figures, Arts Council member and chairman of the union of the Lviv National Opera. Concert activity of Andriy Aleksyk was tireless. No matter, were that foreign concerts or performances in Ukraine – he always warmed up his need of a constant artistic work on stage. His repertoire, artistic experience, restless creative success led many admirers of different age, education, social status and nationality to the great interest in his performances.