Творча діяльність народно-інструментальних оркестрових колективів Тернопільщини другої половини ХХ – початку ХХІ століття

Abstract

У статті досліджено історію виникнення, творчого становлення, розвитку та сучасний стан відомих у Тернопільському краї оркестрів народних інструментів. Розглянуто діяльність організаторів і мистецьких керівників цих колективів. Проаналізовано різноманітність інструментального складу оркестрів, специфіку їх колоритного звучаня, художньо-виражальні моживостї, репертуар, концертно-виконавську діяльність.

В статье исследована история возникновения, творческого становления, развития и современное состояние известных в Тернопольском крае оркестров народных инструментов. Рассмотрено деятельность организаторов и художественных руководителей этих коллективов. Проанализировано разнообразие инструментального состава оркестров, специфику их колоритного звучания, художественно-выразительные возможности, репертуар, концертно-исполнительскую деятельность.

An important contribution to the development of folk-art on the territory of Ternopil region in the 50th of the past century was made by the honored cultural worker of former USSR Volodymyr Zulyak. On his initiative and direct work in recreational centre of the village Melnytsya-Podilska, and also with the help of zimbalist’s reedpipe’s ensembles in 1956 was created the orchestra of Ukrainian folk instruments. It consisted of banduras, string and bow instruments ( violins, basolia, bass), brass (clarinets, koza, trembita ), drums (big drum cymbals, triangle, sieve). The repertoire of the orchestra was a suite from the ballet «Dovbush Shawl» A. Kos-Anatolskyi, «Gahilka» S. Lyudkevych, «Ukrainian Symphony» by an unknown author of the eighteenth century, remakes of ukrainian folk songs , dances and other works. Investigated period is characterized by opening and organizing orchestras of folk instruments and musical department in Chortkiv Teacher College, Music and pedagogical Faculty in Ternopil Pedagogical Institute, Departments of folk instruments in Ternopil College of Music, Terebovlia cultural-educational college. The Orchestra of Folk Instruments in Chortkiv Teachers’ College was founded in 1940 by Leonid Borsa. Since 1975 the orchestra was managed by P. Garbuz. Today, the work of the orchestra includes more than 70 professional musical compositions. Among them one can find «Paraphrase on Ukrainian folk song «Dumy Moyi»» by D. Klebanov, «The ballad about Baida» by G. Hotkevych, «Ukrainian Sich Songs Fantazy» by M. Shamli, «Poem about Ukraine» by A. Alexandrov, etc. The orchestra of Folk Instruments in Terebovlya cultural and educational college started its activity in 1961 under the leadership of V. Prakh. During the next years, the orchestra was successfully working with professional musicians: O. Tabachuk , Y. Kubit , V. Yakibchuk , G. Torkot . Today, there are two orchestral ensembles in High College of Culture: orchestra of Ukrainian folk the option (conductor K. Hryha), and the Orchestra of Folk Instruments (conductor N. Kalakura). The repertoire of the orchestras includes Ukrainian melodies and songs copyrighted works and musical compositions of such musicians as Z. Dashak , M. Skoryk, P.Mayboroda, M. Rizol etc. The Orchestra of Folk Instruments of Ternopil music college of Solomiya Krushelnytska was founded in 1958. The first manager of the orchestra was P. Danilets. Since 1993, the orchestra has been managed by M. Dmytryshyn. Its repertoire includes classical and contemporary works, including «Prelude in B flat minor» by Bach, «Concert for Piano and Orchestra» by Shostakovich, «Romance» by Y. Shchurovsky, «Melody» by M. Skoryk, «Concert tango» by Y. Tabachnyk ,«Hutsul fantasy» by A. Dubini, «Christ is risen», «Adagio» for the piano, saxophone and orchestra of Y. Kitsyla folk and many others. The orchestra of folk instruments in Ternopil Pedagogical Institute was establishes in 1980. Over the years its leaders were such teachers as I. Pron’ and , A. Dzhumaha. In 1993 Ukrainian orchestra of folk instruments began its artistic career on the base of Musical and Pedagogical Faculty under the direction of Z. Stelmashchuk. The musical program of the orchestra consists of the compositions of different genres: «Vesnyanka», «Hutsulka na Podilli» by V. Hutsalo «Hutsul melodies» by T. Remeshyla, «Zaporizkyi March» by Y. Adamtsevycha, «Polka rah – tsyah-tsyah» by I. Miskyi, «March of Petlyura», «Testament» arranged by G. Khotkevych etc. This is not the full list of folk instrumental ensembles of Ternopil region. There are number of amateur orchestras of folk instruments with people of different age that exists in regional recreational centres, and art schools, that are still being investigated. These folk instrumental and orchestra groups play an important role in the national revival and preservation of Ukrainian folk and orchestra performance.