Ритуал как явление культуры пoсткультурного общества

Abstract

В статье исследовано особенности проявления ритуaлики в условиях посткультурного пространства социума. Рассмотрено специфику выявления ритуалики и ритуализованных форм отношений в музыкальной и музыкально-дидактической сфере. Охарактеризовано особенности проявления позитивных-отрицательных, по Э. Дюркгейму, ритуальных акций в музыкально-творческой сфере.

У статті досліджено особливості виявлення ритуaлiки в умовах посткультурного простору соціуму. Розглянуто специфіку виявлення ритуаліки і ритуалізованих форм відносин у музичній та музично-дидактичній сфері. Охарактеризовано особливості прояву позитивних- негативних, за Е. Дюркгеймом, ритуальних акцій у музично-творчій сфері.

ритуальної діяльності.

This article studies the features of display of rituals in the post-cultural society, as it proceeds from the works of A. Baiburin, V. Kunitsyna, V. Turner, V. Toporov, especially Emile Durkheim, when the diffusion of inertia of rational mindsets of the social being and irrationalizing trends in the relationship in the society lift the mechanisms of ritual actions to gain the very significant weight and relevance. The utopia of “social conflict”, its free “conversion” in the favor of a completely aligned individual that has been an energy reserve of the transforming efforts of the Modern Times have been destroyed. What is left is the trust to a particular group, outside of which it is impossible for an individual to achieve accomplishments and which “incorporates” the individual volitions “synergizing” them by terms of communications, opposing information entropy of individualistic outputs. It is the group – the society uniting them by distinguishing communications and experiences individualized in this society, that is the source of the societal, outside of which not only socially meaningful behavior, but also instructive-cementing jointly valued knowledge is impossible. The specific sofdetection of rituals and ritualized forms of relationships in the musical, musical-didactic area have been studied. The comprehension of the effectiveness of the ritual, coming after its implementation, creates a belief that the properly executed actions yield the desired result. Permanent and systematic execution of rituals has resulted into a gradual development of the social category of causality, different from the natural (scientific) causality. However, the psychological setting born by the ritual mobilizes attention to a socially useful direction, and the perfect result becomes the property of the collective subject of the group-community. The features of manifestation of positive-negative, according to Durkheim, ritual actions in the musical and creative field as a concentration of theatric components of the social being life in general have been characterized. In the educational process the academic calendar grid of concerts in music schools of different stages by the most stable and emotional coloration of solemnity itself correlates with rituals of calendar nature-honoring festivals in a traditional society. Rituals are present in the process of preparing for the concerts, where pragmatics of preparatory work for “the introduction of a student in the form of readiness” is connected to psychological training of “preparedness”, followed by “musical offering” as such. An analogy can be traced with liturgical acts of the Christian service, in which the prepared to Eucharist (cf. the Liturgy of the catechumens in Orthodoxy, with the story of the Last Supper in the first part of Bach’s Passion) is replaced by the symbols of the sacrifice (the Orthodox Liturgy of the Faithful, the story of Jesus’s Accomplishment in the second part of Bach’s Passion).The ritual of Initiation, having given rise to multiple forms of initiation rites, is observed in established festivals of “first” and “last” calls at schools of general education and music. A sacred idea of the Transfiguration, leading all educational efforts of the subjects of the corresponding system, stands behind this transformation of the social dimension.