Синтез мистецтв у просторі культури кінця ХХ – початку ххі століття

Abstract

У статті розглянуто проблему діалектичної протидії глобалізації і регіоналізації як взаємообумовлених процесів та різні підходи до визначення феномену “синтез”. Висвітлено поняття “діалог” у рамках процесу діалогу мистецтв і значення розширення поля взаємодії культур. Осмислено важливість ефективної взаємодії різних національних та регіональних культур усередині мистецьких просторів. Досліджено різноманіття форм існування явища синтезу мистецтв та поглядів на значення терміну “синтез”.

В статье рассмотрена проблема диалектического противодействия глобализации и регионализации как взаимообусловленных процессов и различные подходы в определении феномена “синтез”. Освещены понятие “диалог” в рамках процесса диалога искусств и значение расширения поля взаимодействия культур. Осмыслена важность эффективного взаимодействия различных национальных и региональных культур внутри художественного пространства. Исследованы разнообразие форм существования явления синтез искусств и точек зрения на значение термина “синтез”.

The present process of globalization is spreading wider and wider and is evident in all spheres of public space, the artistic one including. At the same time, the opposite trend is taking place in the world – regionalization, which is associated with the desire to preserve and develop the uniqueness of individual cultural spaces. Globalization and regionalization become interdependent processes, and their dialectical opposition actualizes new problem fields. In particular, realizing the inevitability of domination in the modern continuum of these two tendencies, mankind is bound to comprehend the importance of effective interaction between individual countries and cultures, their ability and readiness to respond appropriately to the challenges of the historical time. This problem is actualized not only in the sphere of interaction between different national cultures, but also in the field of research of the interaction even between different regions of a single national culture, as well as the interaction within the spaces of arts themselves. Modern interaction of cultures gains the qualities of totality, including almost all spheres of social and personal life in its orbit, as well as various artistic phenomena. The concrete content and forms of cooperation are defined both by the characteristics of the participants of the interaction themselves and by all the essential features of cultural phenomena. One of the most fruitful forms of such interaction is communication of cultures in the sphere of art, because art is the finest tuning fork of the processes taking place in the whole socio-cultural life of the society. The notion of “interaction” has a rather deep meaning and is an act of mutual relations that have already taken place in the broadest sense. In the framework of the development of modern culture, the problem of dialogue at all levels becomes especially relevant, and therefore it naturally manifests itself at the level of artistic culture phenomena. It should be noted at the same time that there are two natural poles in culture: on the one hand it is seeking for the integrity and interaction of different types of artistic and non-artistic activities, and on the other – the influence of centrifugal tendencies, aimed at separation and the establishment of interspecific boundaries. In the 21st century, along with aspirations for universal unification, the presence of individualism is observed, and along with the recognition of the value of the unique, the principle of replication in art dominates. In practice, the existence of these two poles creates tension, which stimulates the development of culture as a whole, as a complex multilayer organism. It is this dialogue that becomes one of the most optimal forms of relations at different cultural levels. Art and artistic creativity, freely using the achievements of contemporary scientific thought, often appear to be the only bridge between the spiritual and technological, creating a field for interaction, for mutual understanding in the technogeneous society. The dialogue of epochs, styles, artistic models, the dialogue, as one of the foundations of content creation, a mechanism of integration of various aspects of modern culture, consequently acquires today a special significance.