Роль музичного товариства імені Миколи Леонтовича у розвитку хорового руху на Вінниччині у 1920-х роках

Abstract

У статті розглянуто специфіку діяльності хорових колективів, які існували при музичному товаристві ім. Леонтовича на Вінниччині. Досліджено творчу діяльність хорів, виступи колективів, їх репертуар. Проаналізовано роботу керівників хорів упродовж існування колективів до 1937 року. Виявлена особливість роботи, умови й наслідки впливу радянської ідеології на творчість хорових колективів, які діяли при філіях у Тульчині, Вінниці, Гайсині, Шпикові, Зятківцях, Дашеві, Сутисках.

В статье рассмотрена специфика деятельности хоровых коллективов, существовавших при музыкальном обществе им. Н. Леонтовича в Винницкой области. Исследована творческая деятельность хоров, выступления коллективов, их репертуар. Осуществлен анализ работы руководителей хоров на протяжении существования коллективов до 1937 года. Обнаружена особенность работы, условия и последствия влияния советской идеологии на творчество хоровых коллективов, существовавших при филиалах в Тульчине, Виннице, Гайсине, Шпикове, Зятковцах, Дашеве, Сутисках.

The article deals with the specifics of the activities of choir collectives that existed in the M. Leontovych musical society in Vinnytsia region. The creative activity of choirs was explored; bright performances of the groups, their repertoire were described. The author has carried out an analysis of the work of the choirs’ leader during the abolition of the collectives until 1937. The peculiarity of the work, conditions and consequences of the influence of Soviet politics on the existence and creativity of choral ensembles existing in the affiliates in Tulchyn, Vinnytsia, Haysyn, Shpykiv, Zyatkivtsi, Dashev and Sutysky are identified. So, the whole work of Ukrainian M. Leontovych musical society, the first branches of which became centers in Vinnytsia and Tulchyn, played an important role in activating the choral movement in Ukraine. The representatives of the company started active work on collecting and popularizing the artist’s heritage, developing the traditions of choral music in Ukraine. It was M. Leontovych musical society, who acted in the homeland of the composer, played a key role in the formation of modern professional choral performance in Vinnytsia region. The representatives of Tulchyn branch managed to restore the activity of the amateur chapel founded by M. Leontovych rather quickly. On the basis of the established committee for honoring the memory of composer M. Leontovych on September 19, 1922, a branch of the M. Leontovych Music Society was organized, which could perform various cultural and artistic tasks. Vinnytsia branch was founded in 1922 and immediately became one of the most active branches. Soon after the establishment of the branch, the question was raised about creating a choir chapel at it. Leоntovych mixed choir began its existence in 1922, consisting of 56 people, headed by S. Papa-Afanasopoulo. Leontovych Choral Capella was very active and creative. So, only during 1925 the choir gave over 80 concerts. The repertoire of the choir was quite diverse; it included works by Ukrainian composers, as well as Western European and Russian composers. At the end of the 1920s, in the Soviet society, witnessed the onset of a totalitarian Stalinist regime, which, from the outset of the next decade, began cruel repressions against all manifestations of Ukrainian culture. In the struggle against Ukrainian culture the authorities stopped the activities of the M. Leontovych Music Society. Most of the leaders and participants of the choir turned out to be repressed by the authorities and could not fully disclose their professional abilities. Summing up the review of the sociology cultural context of the musical life of Vinnytsia in the first third of the twentieth century, it can be stated that the period, unlike the frontier centuries, was characterized by short democratic changes in the development of the musical culture of the region, which replaced the strict control of all artistic processes from the side of Soviet power. Despite such difficult circumstances, the activities of the musical groups of Vinnytsia region in the first third of the twentieth century managed to create a distinctive national identity of the musical life of the region.