Комбінаторика як засіб формування предметно-просторового середовища для дітей

Abstract

У статті розглянуто специфіку формування предметно-просторового середовища для дітей з використанням принципів комбінаторики. Виявлено шість основних принципів комбінаторики, які дають змогу утворювати нові форми та відповідно до ситуації виносити на перший план ту чи іншу функцію простору З’ясовано, що середовище, побудоване з використанням принципів комбінаторики, є змістовно-насиченим, поліфункціональним та варіативним.

В статье рассмотрена специфика формирования предметно-пространственной среды для детей с использованием принципов комбинаторики. Выявлено шесть основных принципов комбинаторики, которые дают возможность создавать новые формы и в соответствии с ситуацией выносить на первый план ту или иную функцию пространства Выяснено, что пространство, построенное с использованием принципов комбинаторики, есть содержательно-насыщенным, полифункциональным и вариативным.

The article deals with the specifics of the subject-spatial environment formation for children using the combinatorics principles. At an early age, the foundations of world perception, its knowledge and study are laid, the foundations of individual and social behavior of the individual are formed. Furniture and other elements of the children’s environment arrangement activate this process. Correct formation of the child personality, the development of his abilities and talents to a great extent depend on his comfortable staying in his room. Children’s furniture should be bright, light, mobile, durable, versatile and safe. It has been discovered that the use of multi-element transformed systems makes it possible to form new forms from a multitude of elements, to change the space functions, to obtain a significant number of pre-installed game situations, taking into account the time factor, functional necessity and child’s age-height characteristics. The whole set of means and methods associated with the transformation of furniture for children can be reduced to three principal types of transformation: the change of geometric parameters of the product without changing the function; change the function of the product without changing the geometric parameters; change the function of the product with the change of geometric parameters. It is possible to combine several types of transformation. These types of transformations can be implemented in different ways, the application of which is determined by the specific tasks set before the designer, and the conditions of the product use. In the design practice the principles of children’s furniture transformation have been applied, which can be divided into six main groups. “Cell tissue” is based on one simple form element-module use. At the same time, the variation of the combinations, or the level of combinatorics, depends on the number of these modules and their spatial relationships with each other. The second group relies on a certain amount of different configuration and size of elements, but interconnected with each other by dimensionally modular communications. “Compact set” is based on a single geometric topology of several elements that are different in size, which ensures the inclusion of one form into another one, which in its turn is included in the third one, etc. The fourth group as well as the first one has only one element-module, but is of a more complex form. Combinatority is provided due to various spatial orientations of the module and its overturning taking into account the function. The fifth group – “transformation” combines all the products and forms, the designs of which allow them to convert their sizes, configuration, color, etc., but all their details are interconnected constructively. The essence of the sixth group is that the transformation is based on the principle of adding-subtraction of one or more elements of the structure, which in general does not violate the unity of the system. It has been found out that the object-spatial environment, constructed using the combinatorics principles, is content-rich, multifunctional, variative and allows one or another space function to be brought into the foreground according to the situation.