Діалог культур як чинник розвитку національного культурно-мистецького простору

Abstract

У статті досліджено феномен діалогу культур як важливого чинника розвитку національного культурно-мистецького простору. Доведено необхідність дослідження проблеми діалогу культур в умовах суперечливих, кризових процесів, що протікають у сучасному суспільстві, коли діалог служить важливим фактором збереження культурних надбань та людства взагалі. Наведено приклад міжнародної діалогічної взаємодії наукової культурно-мистецтвознавчої думки та мистецтва у рамках симпозіуму “Україна–Польща: діалог культур” (Україна, Київ, 2018 р.).

В статье исследован феномен диалога культур как важный фактор развития национального культурно-художественного пространства. Доказана необходимость исследования проблемы диалога культур в условиях противоречивых, кризисных процессов, протекающих в современном обществе, когда диалог служит важным фактором сохранения культурного достояния и человечества вообще. Приведен пример международного диалогического взаимодействия научной культурно-искусствоведческой мысли и искусства в рамках симпозиума “Украина–Польша: диалог культур” (Украина, Киев, 2018 г.).

The importance of studying the dialogue of cultures is a consequence of the contradictory, crisis processes of modern society, when the main condition for tolerant conflict resolution is dialogue as a factor for reconciliation of different interests, which is increasingly an important condition for the existence of civilization and humanity in general. The purpose of the article is to explore the conceptual field of the dialogue of cultures as an important factor in the development of the national cultural and art space. Culture is a field of interaction and it remains the same at all stages of its existence. The existence of a culture requires interaction because any new phenomenon in culture arises at the junction, in the borderline situation. Just as in science new discoveries are made at the intersection of sciences, and the development of one culture is carried out in conjunction with other cultures. Culture is largely determined by communication, because interaction is the development, expansion, which involves the exchange, enrichment, transformation. Cultures are multifaceted, and there will be no full dialogue and interaction between them, if they are considered beyond their unity. The culture of dialogue is based on the understanding and recognition of the unity of the diversity of cultures. There are many different cultures in the world, and these cultures are somehow interconnected, that is, they form a certain unity. At the same time, their diversity is also important because it is at the heart of any development. The dialogue implies, on the one hand, the separate existence of cultures, and, on the other hand, their interpenetration and full-fledged interaction. With the preservation of identity and independence, the dialogue involves recognition of the diversity of cultures and the possibility of another variant of cultural development. Globalization is the most noticeable, important and fundamental phenomenon of our time. At the same time, the modern world is becoming more universal, becoming a kind of global integrity, and at the same time, our era is characterized by the activation and strengthening of distinctive, national elements of culture. Each culture is opposed by different vectors: universal and local, national and international, high and low, elitist and massive. Today, mass Western culture acts as a means of unifying behavior across the globe. There are changes in the social, political, economic, spiritual foundations of people’s lives. Significant influence on the formation and development of man is given by the co-evolution of sociobiological and socio-cultural environments. Modern man is the fruit of a long interaction of the coevolution of these environments. Historical dynamics of socio-cultural processes has become one of the essential reasons for the creation of the diversity of cultures and civilizations. An international symposium “Ukraine-Poland: Dialogue of Cultures” (P. Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine and the Polish Academy of Sciences – Kyiv, April 19–21, 2018) became an example of the dialogic interaction of the scientific cultural and art studies of the two countries. The directions of the symposium were: the joint work of Ukrainian and Polish composers in the historical context; the achievements of contemporary Ukrainian and Polish composers and scholars; traditions and innovations in artistic creativity. National culture does not arise separately, but in interaction with other cultures. The necessary law of its existence is a constant appeal to the experience of other cultures. On this basis, we can conclude that culture is a field of interaction at all stages of its existence, both at the stage of formation, and at the stage of functioning and development.