Оценка степени антропогенной трансформации локальных флор низовий междуречья Днестр – Тилигул

Abstract

Определен уровень антропогенного преобразования флоры низовий междуречья Днестр – Тилигул (Одесская область). Показатели большинства индексов для общей флоры междуречья – меньше, чем аналогичные показатели для общих флор долин лиманов и небольших рек, а также водораздела, за исключением индекса модернизации. Кроме того, показатели индекса антропофитизации, кенофитизации и модернизации для флоры водоразделов несколько выше, чем для флоры междуречья, что связано с большей трансформации этих участков.

Встановлено ступінь антропогенної трансформації флори пониззя межиріччя Дністер – Тилігул (Одеська область). Показники для більшості індексів флори межиріччя виявилися меншими, ніж аналогічні показники для загальних флор долин лиманів та невеликих річок, а також – вододілу, за виключенням IM. Крім того, показники індексу IAn, IKen та IM для флори вододілів – дещо вище, ніж для флори межиріччя, що пов’язано із більшою трансформацією цих ділянок.

The article is concerned with the anthropogenic transformation of flora native to lower Dniester – Tilihul interfluve (Odessa region). The object of the study is the synanthropic flora composed of vascular plants found in the territory of lower Dniester – Tilihul interfluve. The subject of the study is the features characteristic of synanthropic flora of the given region. The territory of lower Dniester – Tilihul interfluve refers to the Odessa geobotanical region of wormwood-grass steppes, saline meadows, saline lands and vegetation of the carbonate-bearing zones. The degree of synantropization of the region is quite high; the apophyte species are significant for the development of transformed ecotopes. Index of synantropization for the flora of the interfluve (68.71) is lower than the reference value for floras of estuaries and small rivers. However, this parameter is higher with reference to the index describing the flora of watersheds. The degree of apophytization has been determined as a key index, while the index of antropophytization provides some additional reference information. The apophytization indices for the flora native to the valleys of the estuaries (40.41) and small rivers (38.85) are distributed similarly to indices of synantropization. However, the indicators for flora of lower interfluve were lower than the indicators for the general floras typical of the valleys of estuaries and small rivers, and the watershed, except for the index of modernization. In addition, indicators of antropophytization, kenopophytizatiom, kenophytization and modernizations for the flora of watersheds were slightly higher than those typical of the flora of interfluve, which is due to greater transformation of these areas. The results obtained are conditioned by the peculiarities of the flora formed under the influence of anthropogenic transformations, taking into account both their scale (up to 80% of the plowing of the watersheds) and scope (the influence of the city, the road network, trade relations with different countries through the port, etc.). However, the research findings show a high potential of the areas with natural flora, constituting the ecosystem of the steppe zone of Ukraine, of both regional and international levels.