Місцезростання Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz на території м. Луцька

Abstract

Досліджено поширення занесеного до Червоної книги України рідкісного виду рослин родини Orchidaceae Juss. – Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz. на території м. Луцька. Виявлено 7 місцезнаходжень E. helleborine в місті. Підтверджено стійкість виду до антропогенних змін в умовах урбанізованого середовища.

Исследовано распространение занесенного в Красную книгу редкого вида растений семейства Orchidaceae Juss. – Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz. на территории г. Луцка. Выявлено 7 местоположений E. helleborine в городе. Подтверждена устойчивость вида к антропогенным изменениям в условиях урбанизированной среды.

We studied the dispersal of rare species of plants of bloodline Orchidaceae Juss. – Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz, which are in Red List of Ukraine (since 2009), within the limits of the city Lutsk. This species belongs to Eurasian (palaearctic) type of floral elements and Eurasian geologic element. It grows in open leafy forests, rarer – in softwood and mixed forests. It propagates mainly by seeds and this fact ensures good potential of cenopopulation. In stabilized existence conditions the species retains the territory by means of the long-term self-maintenance. This species is characterized by mixed CSR life strategy. It has a wide range of basic environmental characteristics fluctuation, which allows to withstand the significant anthropogenic influence in the urbanized terrains. Usually spatial dispersal of reproductive samples of E. helleborine has a random character. Study materials are author’s field research conducted during vegetation period of E. helleborine in different types of urbanized sites within the territory of Lutsk city. At this time in the territory of Lutsk city E. helleborine can be found in natural green zones as well as on parcels reasonably transformed by anthropogenous activity. Within the limits of the city 7 locations of E. helleborine were found: 1) sanitary protection zone of manufacturing plants in Karbysheva street; 2) recreational forest in Koniakhina and Karbysheva streets; 3) park named after the 900th anniversary of Lutsk, that is situated on affectedly expanded floodplain of Sapalaivka river; 4) central park of culture and rest named after Lesia Ukrainka, created on the former floodplain of the river Hlushets which is filled nowadays; 5) zoological reserve of local significance “Hnidava bog”; 6) botanic garden “Volyn” in Potebnia street, created on the location of the former open-pit mine; 7) park in Druzby Narodiv avenue and Bozhenka street, including “Oak wood” square. Isolated samples were founded out in Shopena street near Olena Pchilka Library and in Yershov street in front of PJSC “Volynoblenergo”. We determined that the main habitat of this species is Park of culture and rest named after Lesia Ukrainka where the accessory factor of dispersal of seeds of E. helleborine is the human factor. Based on the obtained data we generated a schematic map of the location of the studied centers of dispersal of E. helleborine within the territory of Lutsk city. We investigated that the population of E. helleborine within the studied territory is characterized by significant number of samples and is limited to the roads, parkways and paths. Examined series gets through all stages of development, spreading mostly on the territory of recreation areas, showing substantial man-impact tolerance.