Формування екологічної компетентності техніків лісового господарства у лісотехнічних коледжах

Abstract

Дисертаційне дослідження присвячено актуальній проблемі формування екологічної компетентності техніків лісового господарства у лісотехнічних коледжах. У дисертаційній роботі розкрито стан розробленості проблеми формування екологічної компетентності в теорії і методиці професійної освіти, з’ясовано суть основних дефініцій дослідження. Проаналізовано особливості організації освітнього процесу у лісотехнічних коледжах в Україні та за кордоном. Теоретично обґрунтовано педагогічні умови як системотвірний чинник прогностичної моделі формування екологічної компетентності майбутніх техніків лісового господарства у лісотехнічних коледжах та експериментально перевірено їх ефективність. Конкретизовано компоненти екологічної компетентності техніків лісового господарства (ціннісно-мотиваційний, когнітивний, діяльнісно-практичний) та рівні (високий, середній, низький) їх сформованості. Розроблено методику діагностики рівнів сформованості екологічної компетентності майбутніх техніків лісового господарства.

Диссертационное исследование посвящено актуальной проблеме формирования экологической компетентности техников лесного хозяйства в лесотехнических колледжах. В диссертационной работе раскрыта освещенность проблемы формирования экологической компетентности в теории и методике профессионального образования, обнаружена сущность основных дефиниций исследования. Проанализированы особенности организации образовательного процесса в лесотехнических колледжах в Украине и за рубежом. Теоретически обоснованы педагогические условия как системообразующий фактор прогностической модели формирования экологической компетентности будущих техников лесного хозяйства в лесотехнических колледжах и экспериментально проверена их эффективность. Конкретизированы компоненты экологической компетентности техников лесного хозяйства (ценностно-мотивационный, когнитивный, деятельностно-практический) и уровни (высокий, средний, низкий) их сформированности. Разработана методика диагностики уровней сформированности экологической компетентности будущих техников лесного хозяйства.

The thesis is devoted the problem of formation the ecological competence forestry technicians in forestry engineering colleges. The work reveals the condition of a problem of formation of the ecological competence in the theory and practice of vocational education, the peculiarities of the educational process in the forestry engineering colleges in Ukraine and abroad. It was established that ecological competence of forestry technicians - is the willingness of the individual to carry out environmental protection based on environmental and occupational knowledge, skills, values, motivation, experience and responsibility for the environment. Defined the components of ecological competence forestry technicians (value-motivational, cognitive, action-practical) their criteria of content-knowledge, personal, behavioral, their performance, indicators (systematic ecological knowledge about the environment and conservation mechanisms; mastering theoretical basics of forest management on the principles of sustainable development, the presence of significant personal values and attitudes on environmental activities, formation of motives environmentally viable future professional conduct; formation of practical skills solution environmental problems in their future careers, the ability to develop and implement environmental projects environmental protection) and the levels (high, medium, low) of their formation. It was learned the international experience in ecological training forestry technicians. In particular, the training content, forms and methods of training specialists in educational institutions in Canada, Austria, Switzerland, Latvia, Cyprus. Established that the features of their environmental training abroad include a high level of greening disciplines, the presence of one or more basic ecological disciplines; widespread use of integrated courses with the environmental component; implementation of the learning process of new forms and methods of training; Involving students to participate in real research projects and ecological studies. Analyzing the industry standard, the content of subjects, level of teachers teaching the basics on formation of ecological competence, international experience environmental training forestry technicians, forms and methods of educational process. Formation of ecological competence forestry technicians in forestry engineering colleges should be based on a systematic, active, learner centered, competency, contextual approaches and principles (fundamentalization, science, interdisciplinarity, connection with life, koactivity, subjectification natural objects, forming opinions images). Highlight pedagogical conditions of formation the ecological competence forestry technicians in forestry engineering colleges, namely the formation of value-motivational component of ecological competence through methods of environmental psyhopedagogy; improving cognitive components of ecological competence of students by updating the content of environmental education ideas of sustainable development; application technology of context learning for implementing environmental focus of professional training of forestry technicians. Developed a predictive model of ecological competence forestry technicians consisting of structural units: motivational target, which is caused by the needs and requirements of social and educational activities and state of readiness the technicians forestry to the formation of ecological competence and outlines goals, objectives, conceptual approaches, procedural and semantic - defined national standards of training future technicians forest that covers the components of ecological competence of forestry technicians, semantic and procedural components, pedagogical conditions, methods and means of environmental training; diagnostic, allows you to evaluate the process of formation the ecological competence of forestry technicians and its outcome. Made algorithm and methodology for comprehensive assessment of the levels of ecological competence based on its evaluation of each structural component. Established that the efficiency of formation the ecological competence of forestry technicians provides the use of such methods: the ecological projects, analyze the real ecological situation, «brainstorm», «associative bush», «snowball», inspiration to action, workshops, flash mobs, methods of environmental psyhopedagogy (the ecological labialization, ecological associations, artistic representations of natural objects, ecological identifying, ecological empathy, ecological reflection, ecological expectation, ritualization ecological activity, ecological care); forms (thematic, problematic, interactive lectures, round tables, conferences, consultations, promotions, events, independent and voluntary activities, excursions, binary classes, group «Bioart»); means (photos, video and audio presentations, full-scale facilities, teaching materials, textbook materials for the course «Fundamentals of Ecology» and the group «Bioart»). Вeen developed and implemented in practice of training future technicians forestry methods of formation in ecological competence forestry industry professionals, programs and complexes of teaching the course «Fundamentals of Ecology» and the group «Bioart». The theoretical and educational developments make it possible to make adjustments science-based curricula and training programs Forestry, expand the semantic content of training courses.