Формування лідерських якостей майбутніх менеджерів у процесі психолого-педагогічної підготовки

Abstract

Дисертація присвячена теоретико-експериментальному дослідженню проблеми формування лідерських якостей майбутніх менеджерів у процесі психолого-педагогічної підготовки. З’ясовано сутність, визначено структуру лідерських якостей майбутніх менеджерів, уточнено критерії оцінки та показники рівнів їх сформованості. Уперше науково обґрунтовано й експериментально перевірено педагогічні умови формування лідерських якостей майбутніх менеджерів у процесі психолого-педагогічної підготовки. Представлено модель формування лідерських якостей, що дає змогу уявити цілісний процес формування якостей лідера, дослідити закономірності його побудови від окресленої мети до бажаного кінцевого результату. Розроблено методичні рекомендації викладачам ВНЗ для проведення практичних занять щодо формування лідерських якостей майбутніх менеджерів у процесі психолого-педагогічної підготовки (на прикладі викладання курсу «Психологія», спецкурсу «Педагогіка для менеджерів-лідерів»).

Диссертация посвящена теоретико-экспериментальному исследованию проблемы формирования лидерских качеств будущих менеджеров в процессе психолого-педагогической подготовки. Выявлена сущность, определена структура лидерских качеств будущих менеджеров, уточнены критерии оценки и показатели уровней их сформированности. Впервые научно обоснованы и экспериментально проверены педагогические условия формирования лидерских качеств будущих менеджеров в процессе психолого-педагогической подготовки. Представлена модель формирования лидерских качеств, которая отображает целостный процесс формирования качеств лидера, позволяет исследовать закономерности его построения от намеченной цели до желаемого конечного результата. Разработаны методические рекомендации преподавателям вузов для проведения практических занятий по формированию лидерских качеств будущих менеджеров в процессе психолого-педагогической подготовки (на примере преподавания курса «Психология», спецкурса «Педагогика для менеджеров-лидеров»).

This thesis is concerned with the problem of theoretic and experimental research of development of leadership skills of future managers in the process of psychological and pedagogical preparation. The research covers the contents of theoretical approaches to ‘administration’ and ‘leadership’ problems. It specifies the concept of ‘leadership skills of future managers,’ which is understood as dynamic and strategic development in professional and personal areas. This includes physiological and psychological leader’s traits, administrative knowledge and skills and it can be effectively developed during the process of systematic psychological and pedagogical preparation in the university to provide future specialists with professional mobility and competitiveness. An own list of leadership skills required by future managers for their successful professional career was presented in the thesis. These include: power of will, imitativeness, optimism, resistance to stress, social skills, managerial abilities, reflexivity, positive self-conception, need for achievement. Based on the analyzes of scientific sources necessity of psychological and pedagogical training in the professional education of future managers was proved, and the scientists’ views on the problems in teaching psychological and pedagogical disciplines were analyzed. The own vision of the concept of the psycho-pedagogical training of future managers was suggested: an important part of the future managers professional training in order to develop psychological and pedagogical competencies by getting knowledge, skills in psychology and pedagogy by future managers, which should form the basis of the leadership qualities development, that will ensure the successful administrators’ implementation their professional functions. A structural model of leadership skills of future managers was developed, parameters of components (personal, influence on activity, target-orientation), criteria (personal, professional, motivational), their levels of formed structure and measuring instruments were determined. Pedagogical conditions, which provide best possibilities to develop leadership skills during the process of psychological and pedagogical preparation of future managers, were identified and justified as follows: 1) the potential abilities of psychological and pedagogical disciplines’ content application(‘Psychology’ discipline and a special course ‘Pedagogics for leadership managers’), using modern educational techniques, such as: interactive, context, ICT (information and communication technology) techniques, in order to promote motivation to create conditions of success during the preparation of future managers. Creating appropriate pedagogical conditions we anticipate a close creative interaction between professors and students, in which students are offered the opportunity to feel the joy of victory over oneself and the ability to monitor the growth of professional excellence and for professors it is the opportunity to design and adjust its management and application of individual approach to every student; 2) teachers’ psychological and pedagogical competencies improvement to demonstrate leadership skills in professional activities. The essence of this condition is the presence of professor with leaders’ characteristics who helps to form leadership qualities of future supervisors. With notion of the professor with leaders’ characteristics we understand the highly spiritual, highly educated professional specialist, the professor with established leadership qualities. A professor may attract and hold the attention of students, direct their efforts at solving complex problems and find creative ways of management situations, negotiate and overcome conflicts due to his leadership qualities; 3) optimization of the contents of the psychological and pedagogical students preparation in order to create conditions for self-improvement for students, taking into account structural model of future managers’ leadership skills development. With self-improvement of future manager we understand the conscious desire of a person to develop spiritual and moral, strong-willed, psychological, physical or professionally important qualities that are necessary for head-leader in the future management activities through self-knowledge, self-determination due to conditions created during training. A model of development of leadership skills for future managers during the process of psychological and pedagogical preparation was proposed which enables presentation of a comprehensive process of development of leadership skills in specific conditions, exploration of development regularity from the intended objective to the desired final result. The model consists of four blocks, which are logically connected and contain a system of mutually connected elements: problem- and purpose-oriented (purpose, objectives), comprehensive (structural components of leadership skills of future managers, forms of organization of psychological and pedagogical preparation), organizational (pedagogical conditions, learning principles, forms, methods), diagnostic- and result-oriented (criteria, parameters, levels of formed structure of leadership skills, final research result). Recommended practices were developed for the formation of leadership skills of future managers in the process of their psychological and pedagogical preparation. Efficiency of the proposed methods was experimentally proved.