Науково-педагогічна та мистецтвознавча діяльність Івана Старчука (1894–1950 рр.)

Abstract

У дисертації здійснено комплексне й всебічне дослідження науково-педагогічної та мистецтвознавчої діяльності Івана Старчука (1894–1950 рр.). Проаналізовано формування його світогляду як особистості, науковця, педагога та мистецтвознавця. Висвітлено наукову діяльність ученого у складі етнографічної комісії НТШ та Львівському університеті ім. Я. Казимира. Охарактеризовано його співпрацю з українськими й закордонними установами, науковими діячами. З’ясовано внесок І. Старчука в розвиток археології, проаналізовано його археологічну діяльність у вивченні літописних Галича і Пліснеська. Розкрито педагогічну працю ученого на посаді вчителя приватних шкіл міжвоєнного Львова, Львівському університеті ім. Я. Казимира, Львівському державному університеті ім. І. Франка. Висвітлено його внесок в українське мистецтвознавство та мистецтво першої половини ХХ ст. Проаналізовано праці І. Старчука, присвячені античному мистецтву.

В диссертации осуществлено комплексное и всестороннее исследование научно-педагогической и искусствоведческой деятельности Ивана Старчука (1894–1950 гг.). Проанализировано формирование его мировоззрения как личности, ученого, педагога и искусствоведа. Освещено научную деятельность ученого в составе этнографической комиссии НОШ и Львовском университете им. Я. Казимира. Охарактеризовано его сотрудничество с украинскими и зарубежными учреждениями, научными деятелями. Выяснено вклад И. Старчука в развитие археологии, проанализирована его археологическая деятельность в изучении летописных Галича и Плиснеска. Раскрыто педагогический труд ученого в должности учителя частных школ межвоенного Львова, Львовском университете им. Я. Казимира, Львовском государственном университете им. И. Франко. Освещены его вклад в украинское искусствоведение и искусство первой половины ХХ в. Проанализированы труды И. Старчука, посвященные античному искусству.

The thesis deals with the life and creative heritage of Ukrainian scientist Ivan Danylovych Starchuk (1894–1950), which is an integrated research of his scientific, pedagogical and art history activities. The author managed to highlight objectively, completely and in chronological order known and little known facts from the biography of the scientist analyzing historical literature and other sources. The analysis of historiography works indicates that the problem under our investigation didn’t find the complete scientific clarification. Despite some articles which episodically highlight certain aspects of the scientist’s work, most of the authors concentrated on highlighting of special facts from the life of I. Starchuk, his contribution to the study of history, art history, pedagogy, archeology and ethnography of Ukraine. It was found out that the family environment, especially education of his mother influenced the formation of ideological convictions of I. Starchuk in his childhood. During the years of studies his outlook was influenced by student’s environment at the Free Academy of Arts, A. Nowakowski art school and Lviv Yan Casymyr University. Instead his participation in the Legion of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen contributed to I. Starchuk’s entry into the Ukrainian environment of young public and scientific figures, with whom he worked throughout the life. The scientist’s significant contribution to the development of Ukrainian historical science and culture owing to the works on ancient art, ethnography, art history and active activities in research institutions and companies has been proved. Based on a comprehensive analysis of more than 100 works of I. Starchuk, we were able to find auf and a wide range of his scientific interests. It has been ascertained was engaged in scientific work at the Department of the Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, studying ancient Halych and Plisnesk. It is obviously that I. Starchuk’s trips to Europe, and his acquaintance with Ya. Pasternak played an important role in bits becoming an archaeologist. His teaching work in private schools in Lviv where he became interested in children drawings, and his position of a lecturer at Lviv Yan Casymyr University played an important role in multifaceted activities of the scientist. The peculiar feature of I. Starchuk’s scientific work was his activity in ethnographic Commission of Taras Shevchenko Scientific Society, Lviv University and the Department of the Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. It was found out that the main directions of his scientific work were to establish cooperation with other scientific institutions in Europe and writing of scientific works on ancient art and ancient history of Ukraine. It was established that artistic and cultural direction was particularly important in I. Starchuk’s activity. He began bis first steps in this area, during World War I in the Legion of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen, where he put a lot of efforts into painting of graphic and watercolor drawings under the pseudonym “Iv. St.”. Since the 30-th of the XX century I. Starchuk had participated in art exhibitions in Lviv, where he met intelligentsia, Ukrainian and foreign art historians. At the same time the artist began working as a participant of art exhibitions, and then – a reviewer and critic of art exhibitions and publications. I. Starchuk’s contribution to the study of ancient culture and art has been considered and analyzed. Owing to his travels to Europe he was able to get acquainted with the museum exhibits and scientific literature, which left a significant imprint in his works as well as to rethink ancient art. The core of I. Starchuk’s scientific papers and descriptions was the history and art of ancient Greece and Rome and ancient mythology. The name of the researcher became known in the academic circles of Europe and America, owing to the cooperation with the leading foreign experts of that find and his publications. Analysis of scientific-pedagogical and art history activities of I. Starchuk shows that the scientist made a significant contribution to the development of Ukrainian historical science of the first half of the XX century as an active researcher, teacher and art historian.