Сучасний комунікативний простір української столиці

Abstract

Статтю присвячено аналізові комунікативного простору Києва. На основі декількох соціологічних опитувань доведено, що мовну ситуацію в місті визначає активне функціонування білінгвізму й диглосії. З’ясовано, що на сучасному етапі українську мову утискає не лише російська, але й англійська. Утім наведені в тексті реальні випадки переходу українців на державну мову переконують, що в другому десятилітті ХХІ ст. мовна свідомість багатьох українців таки зростає, а державна мова поступово закріплює свої позиції.

Much research has been devoted to the problem of language situation and communicative space. In this study we have focused on the capital and functioning of the state language there. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the communicative space of Ukrainian capital. The author provides evidence for heterogeneity and regionalization of Ukraine, and Kyiv as the capital is the reflection of all these differentiated processes. We have presented the data of several sociological surveys and made a conclusion that bilingualism and diglossia are widespread phenomena in our society. It has been found out that the Russian language dominated in communication of Kyiv residents in early XXI century. But we can outline positive changes in second decade of XXI century, in particular thanks to the processes of decommunization. As a result of that many streets and squares were renamed, and it has played a significant role for linguistic landscape of the capital. Particular attention is paid to the fact that nowadays not only the Russian language, but also English, coexists with Ukrainian in Kyiv. In other words in Kyiv communicative space Ukrainian, Russian and English are widely used. On the basis of the Prostir svobody research it becomes obvious that Latin graphics in the names of cafes and shops in Kyiv is considered to be the most prestigious at present. In spite of this there is a reason to believe that the Ukrainian language will be the most spoken in the capital in the near future. The real people’s histories about the causes of code-switching as well as the actions of many social organizations indicate that the Russian language will be forced out of communication among Ukrainians and it’s place will occupy Ukrainian as it must be with the state language.