Мотивна структура тексту як лінгвістична проблема

Abstract

Осмислено феномен мотивної структури як спосіб втілення в тексті семантико-прагматичної категорії мотиву, сутність якої пов’язана з усві- домленими чи неусвідомленими внутрішніми станами, що спонукають до діяльності, забезпечуючи реалізацію в ній особистісних смислів автора (наратора) й персонажів. Схарактеризовано закономірності організації мо- тивної структури, що узгоджуються з динамікою модусних планів тексту в аспекті реалізації інваріантної моделі “перцептивний модус ~ емотивний модус ~ ментальний модус ~ вольовий модус”. Описано інваріантну модель мотивної структури та простежено характер її варіативності відповідно до типу письма.

The phenomenon of motive structure has been considered as a way to embody a semantic-pragmatic category of motive in the text, which is related to conscious or unconscious internal states that motivate activity, ensuring the realization of personal meanings of the author (narrator) and characters. The topicality of the study is seen as the need to detail the mechanisms of implementation of text categories. Accordingly, the aim of the article is to substantiate the relevance of the motive structure of the text to actualize the motive as a semantic-pragmatic textual category. This can be achieved by solving the following tasks: to clarify the constitutive elements of the motive structure and identify their lingual signals; to highlight aspects of variability of motive structure in different types of texts; to outline the correlates of the motive structure in the superficial organization of the text. Within the scope of the tasks the principles of motive structure organization have been characterized, which, in its turn, is consistent with the dynamics of modus plans of the text in the aspect of realization of invariant model “perceptive modus → emotive modus → mental modus → will modus”. Invariant model of motive structure has been described, as well as the character of its variability according to the manner and type of writing has been traced. The variants of motive formation models have been specified: the classical elementary linear model; graded linear model; spiral model. Implemented in the mentioned models, the main aspects of variability of the motive structure have been actualized, which are related to: the specificity of the dynamics of modus plans in different types of texts, the nature of the modus categories involved, and individual author’s modus preferences. The ways of implanting the motive structure into the surface organization of the text have been clarified: the specificity of reproduction of variants of the motive structure in text units has been observed. Relevant complex syntactic goals and multilevel semantic formations that are realized in distantly located complex syntactic unities, combined by means of associative cohesion have been described. On this basis, the problem of the functioning of motive structures has been highlighted both in the texts of a certain author and in the texts that appear in the paradigm of one-type and multiple-types of writing.