Визначення екологічної стійкості геокомплексів басейну річки Полтви

Abstract

Проаналізовано структуру землекористування; визначено рівень антропогенного навантаження; оцінено ступінь екологічної стійкості ландшафтів, екологічної збалансованості території, екологічної стабільності землекористування, екологічної напруги в межах басейну р. Полтви

Проанализировано структуру землепользования; определено уровень антропогенной нагрузки; оценено степень экологической стойкости ландшафтов, экологической сбалансированности территории, экологической стабильности землепользования, экологического напряжения в басейне р. Полтва.

Poltva river is the left tributary of Western Bug. Its length is 60 km, its basin area is 1440km2 . Poltva’s source is in Lviv, within the city the river is connected to the sewer. There are many publications on ecological situation of Poltva and its basin but there are lack of research that determine the self-cleaning potential of different basin areas. In this paper the level of anthropogenic pressure on the basin by different integral methods within the 61 administrative units except the city of Lviv is evaluated. Ecological sustainability of landscapes of Poltva basin is unstable, it depends on tillage, forestation, urbanization level, etc. The levels of occupation of the territory by agricultural lands and the tillage in the study area are low, while the forestation and the urbanization levels are high. Anthropogenic geosystems occupy about half of the basin. The level of natural appearance of the territory is high. In most of the studied territory the level of anthropogenic tension is above average, it varies in different parts of the basin: the lowest is in the northwest (Roztocze) and southeast (Gologory) and the highest is in areas with lands the most suitable for cultivation and the areas through which the main transport routes pass. It correlates with the coefficient of anthropogenic transformation, which is high. For such parameters as the coefficient of resistance of agricultural landscapes and the coefficient of ecological balance of the territory the ecological situation in the basin is bad, but the level of environmental tension is tolerable. For the majority of integral parameters ecological situation of explored territory is unsatisfactory.