Моделювання стану землекористування в Подільському Придністер’ї та його оптимізація (на прикладі басейну Коропця)

Abstract

У статті розглядаються питання моделювання стану землекористування (на прикладі басейну подільської притоки Дністра). Проаналізовано вплив природних та антропогенних чинників на землекористування та геоекологічний стан досліджуваної території, запропоновано заходи щодо його оптимізації.

В статье рассмотрены вопросы моделирование состояния землепользования (на примере бассейна подольской притоки Днестра). Проанализировано влияние природных и антропогенных факторов на землепользование и геоэкологическое состояние исследуемой территории, предложены мероприятия по его оптимизации.

The questions of land use state modeling (on example one of Podilla Dnister tributary basin) was considered. Also was made analysis of nature and anthropogenic factors and their influence on land use and geoecological state of research area, proposed activities to their optimization. Simulation of land use in river basin Koropets carried out within the framework of a comprehensive geographic information model explored territory. The natural components of the environment, the state which is reflected in the GIS model basin system includes: geological structure, geomorphological structure, hydrological conditions, soil, vegetation, landscape and conservation of objects. Among the anthropogenic factors and environmental components in geographic information model included: administrative divisions, road-transport network, utilities, mining facilities, land use and various types of archaeological finds. All the component structure of geoinformation basin system model is implemented using the format geodata base MDB, thematic layers in GIS models are divided by type of presentation. In addition, the structure of GIS reflects diverse relationships between components of the pool. Full type connection in the structure of geographic information model used to show dependencies between objects of different thematic layers, which are the basis for building other layers. An example of such dependence is topologically correct polygonal sheets that are present in virtually all units and blocks natural and anthropogenic components of geographic information system model basin. Partial link between the objects indicate the use of parts of objects other thematic layers to build facilities in other thematic layers. An example of such communication is part of a thematic layer of tectonic disturbances to construct stratigraphic boundaries different time deposits. To construct the topological relationships for one or more thematic layers using reverse or second contact. This type of connection points to the need for multiple checking topological relations between objects. This is especially important for linear-type boundaries polygonal objects and geometrically correct network objects related material and energy ties. An example of the latter can serve as a network of hydrological basin. Between components and between blocks bonds used to construct thematic layers, which are topological dependence on other objects belonging to different component and block structures, both natural and anthropogenic origin. A striking example of such relations serves themed cover that characterizes the spatial differentiation of landscape systems studied river basin.