Музикологічна діяльність Влодзімєжа Позьняка та Станіслава Голяховського в контексті музичного життя Польщі першої половини ХХ століття

Abstract

У статті висвітлено життєвий і творчий шлях відомих польських музикологів і публіцистів Влодзімєжа Позьняка та Станіслава Голяховського крізь призму музичного життя Польщі першої половини ХХ століття. Проаналізовано науково-публіцистичну діяльність доктора філософії (спеціальність «Музикознавство») Влодзімєжа Позьняка та магістра філософії (спеціальність «Музикознавство») Станіслава Голяховського.

В статье освещен жизненный и творческий путь известных польских музыковедов и публицистов, Влодзимежа Позьняка и Станислава Голяховского в контексте музыкальной жизни Польши первой половины ХХ века. Проанализирована научно-публицистическая деятельность доктора философии (специальность «Музыковедение») Влодзимежа Позьняка и магистра философии (специальность «Музыковедение») Станислава Голяховского.

The life and career of the famous Polish musicologists and publicist Włodzimierz Poźniak and Stanisław Golachowski in the context of musical life of the first half of the twentieth century in Poland have been highlighted in this article. The history of Polish music of XIX century was in the center of scientific interests of Włodzimierz Poźniak primarily. He had published a number of valuable studies as the scientist while he had worked at the department of musicology of the Jagiellonian University and that are still relevant today. For example he had published his book «History of Polish musical culture» (second volume) in 1966. Such books as «The vocal song in the works of Michael Kleofas Ogiński» (Romans wokalny w twórczości M.K Ogińskiego) (1934), «Henry Anthony Radziwill» (A.Radziwił) (1957) had became the result of his interest in art works of these Polish composers. Włodzimierz Poźniak (1904–1967) has a special role in the galaxy of eminent personalities of the Polish musical culture of the first half of the twentieth century. Włodzimierz Poźniak is well-known musicologist, folklorist, music critic, teacher and researcher of Polish folk music. Musicological researches which became a remarkable event in the development of the Polish historical musicology were especially valuable in the creative legacy of this artist. Włodzimierz Poźniak’s activities in the spheres of music critic, journalism and musicology, along with his teaching and other activities, create a comprehensive picture of one of the founders of the Polish musical culture of the first half of the twentieth century. Wide genre spectrum of Włodzimierz Poźniak’s posts (articles) represents virtually almost all types of the music criticism. Professor had worked in informational, analytical, artistic and journalistic genres. Criticisms, which is one of the most popular analytical genres in periodicals, is the main part of journalistic heritage of Włodzimierz Poźniak. All known articles of Włodzimierz Poźniak are studies upon some significant and important artistic subjects, in which the author represents himself as an expert in wide range of historical and factual material, while literary presentation characterized by conceptuality, purposefulness, consistency, argumentation and brightness of language. These analytical studies of this musicologist reveal problems of historical development of the musical culture, the role of the prominent artists in that process, their views, analysis of their composing style and artistic heritage. Stanisław Golachowski had made an important contribution to the Krakow’s musicology. He continued scientific traditions of his teacher Zdzisław Jachimecki. Vital and creative activities of Karol Szymanowski was the main area of scientific interests of Stanisław Golachowski. This scientist studied church music as well, in addition to research upon the figure of Karol Szymanowski [3]. Stanisław Golachowski had left many notes and materials on creativity of Joseph Elsner starting since 1926. Stanisław Golachowski as a scientist devoted a particular attention to the research of the musical acoustics. He began to write a textbook for high schools upon theme of musical acoustics in 1949. Unfortunately, this textbook was not completed because the death of the author . Completed and supplemented by M. Drobner textbook «Akustyka muzyczna» (1953) was published posthumously [1]. Stanisław Golachowski died in January 1951. That is why Włodzimierz Poźniak and Stanisław Golachowski belonged to the outstanding figures of Polish musical culture of the first half of the twentieth century. His figure had stood particularly out among other cultural and public figures of that time. Art works and creativity of Włodzimierz Poźniak and Stanisław Golachowski played an important role in the national musical process of that days, his social and artistic activities had contributed to the development and elevation of the musical culture in Poland.