Зміна чисельності Drosophila melanogaster на фоні використання кондитерського ароматизатора «Ванілін»)

Abstract

У статті представлені результати дослідження впливу ароматизатора «Ванілін» у концентраціях 1 мг/кг (рекомендована доза), 10 мг/кг та 20 мг/кг на чисельність Drosophila melanogaster ліній Normal, vestigial та white. Експериментально встановлено, що застосування рекомендованої дози ароматизатора та доз, збільшених у 10 та 20 разів, сприяло підвищенню чисельності лінії Normal у порівнянні до контрольної групи на 11,0%, 9,9% та 5,9% відповідно. Збільшення чисельності спостерігалось і у лінії vestigial. Лінія white продемонструвала зменшення чисельності нащадків на 21,3% та 11,1% при додаванні рекомендованої дози та дози, збільшеної в 10 разів. Проте додавання збільшеної у 20 разів дози привело до збільшення чисельності на 137%.

Nowadays it is difficult to imagine the food industry without the use of various food additives, such as flavors, flavor enhancers, emulsifiers, dyes and other food mixtures, which make food both tasty looking and delicious. Vanilla is found in many essential oils, particularly in the pods of Vanilla planifolia and Vanilla pompona. Natural extract of the most popular fragrance in the world is very expensive and is not available in stores. Therefore, in order to meet the needs of the food industry, the artificial Vanillin flavor is made. The negative effect of synthetic vanillin is quite obvious, because it contains chemical compounds harmful to health. The most dangerous component of this fragrance is coumarine. Since this mixture is a carcinogen, it can ruin the liver. In addition, imitation of natural vanillin does not contain the salubrious components present in the authentic product. Taking into consideration the fact that the use of synthetic “Vanillin” flavor is widely used by the food industry and the harmful effects on the body have not been properly studied, there is a need to study the effect of “Vanillin” flavor on the physiological and reproductive functions of organisms. As the object of study, Drosophila melanogaster of lines Normal, vestigial, and white have been used, their descendants have been counted. Aiming to study the genotoxic effects of the liquid synthetic “Vanillin” flavor, it was added to a standard nutrient medium (50 ml) at the recommended dose (0.25 mg), a dose of 10-fold (2.5 mg) and a dose of 20-fold (5 mg) The medium was dispensed into test tubes, each of them containing 14 Drosophila melanogaster flies (6 females and 8 males). The quantity of each line has been calculated on the 8th, 12th and 16th days. It was experimentally determined that the use of the recommended dose of flavoring as well as the doses increased by 10 and 20 times, contributed to the increase in the number of Normal line compared to the control group by 10.98%, 9.89% and 5.92% respectively. An increase in number was also observed in the vestigial line. The white line showed a decrease in offspring by 21.3% and 11.1%, respectively, after the addition of the recommended dose and the dose increased by 10 times. However, the addition of 10-fold increased dose resulted in an increase by 137%.