Порівняльний вплив регуляторів росту азотофіт, янтарна кислота та вимпел на динаміку процесів росту та продуктивність озимої пшениці сорту Ювівата

Abstract

У статті наведені результати вивчення впливу регуляторів росту рослин Азотофіт, Янтарна кислота та Вимпел на польову схожість насіння, динаміку показників росту (середня висота рослин та довжина кореня, маса сирої та сухої речовини, відсоток сухої речовини в рослинній пробі) та елементи продуктивності (довжина складного колоса, кількість зернин та маса складного колоса) озимої пшениці сорту Ювівата.

Scientific research suggests that winter wheat cultivation technologies can be regulated by plant growth regulators. These substances have a complex effect on growth and development and facilitate plant growth and crop capacity. Three-year field studies were carried out using plant growth regulators of Azotophyte, Amber acid and Vympel to determine the dynamics of plant growth rates and their productivity. This made it possible to observe the influence of growth regulators before sewing and to establish their effectiveness at all stages of plant development. Seeds of winter wheat of the variety Jubiwata were treated with solutions of the substances under analysis. The experimental area was 40 m². The study demonstrated that the growth regulators do not influence the field germination rate of plants, but the percentage of germination was quite high in both control and experimental variants. As for the rates of plant height and root length, the first measurement of the average height of winter wheat plants in autumn demonstrated that Vympel was the most efficient. Its indicators exceeded the control variant by 3.4%. After the second measurement, the plant height increased in all variants. The fourth spring measurement showed that the most powerful was the effect by Amber acid. This compound significantly inhibited plant growth compared to other growth regulators and controls. The investigated plant growth regulators have a positive influence on the processes of root development of winter wheat plants in both autumn and spring time. This feature will provide a better nutrition of the plants. The weight of the dry matter after the first weighing was greater in the control and the variant treated with Nitrogen. The fourth weighing showed that the best effect on the dry matter mass was found by Azotophyte, which contributed to the increase of this indicator twice as much compared to the control. Amber acid, when used for pre-sowing seed treatment, exceeded the control value by 1.8 times. Stronger effect on the percentage of dry matter in the plant sample was found only by Vympel, under the influence of which this indicator was greater by 9 units compared to the control. The use of synthetic growth regulators significantly increases the productivity of winter wheat, namely the length of the complex ear, the number of grains and the weight of the compound ear. Thus, research has shown that plant growth regulators Azotophit, Amber acid and Vympel facilitate the growth and productivity of winter wheat plants of the Juvivat variety. Winter wheat crops can be treated with these substances before sowing. Determining the highest efficiency of each individual regulator, as well as the possibility of combining them to improve plant growth processes, requires further research.