Система професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів початкових класів на засадах народного декоративно-ужиткового мистецтва

Abstract

Обґрунтовано систему професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів початкових класів на засадах народного декоративно-ужиткового мистецтва, яка враховує специфіку художньо-мистецької та проектно-технологічної діяльності учнів молодшого шкільного віку. Здійснено відбір і структурування змісту художньо-трудової підготовки, реалізація якого проявляється в готовності майбутнього вчителя початкових класів до професійної діяльності. Розкрито організаційно-педагогічні умови, форми, методи і засоби навчання, які сприяють ефективному впровадженню системи підготовки майбутніх учителів початкових класів на засадах народного декоративно-ужиткового мистецтва.

Обоснована система профессиональной подготовки будущих учителей начальных классов на основе народного декоративно-прикладного искусства, которая учитывает специфику художественно-творческой и проектно-технологической деятельности учащихся младшего школьного возраста. Осуществлены отбор и структуризация содержания художественно-трудовой подготовки, реализация которого проявляется в готовности будущего учителя начальных классов к профессиональной деятельности. Раскрыты организационно-педагогические условия, формы, методы и средства обучения, способствующие эффективному внедрению системы подготовки будущих учителей начальных классов на основе народного декоративно-прикладного искусства.

Based on pedagogical modelling, the dissertation justifies the system of professional training of future elementary school teachers by means of folk decorative and applied arts. The pedagogical system model includes the following components: outcome-oriented – system-forming, determines functions of other components of the pedagogical system; conceptual – provides for the implementation of the educational process in accordance with the theoretical and methodological principles of the system; content-related – defines the content of a number of art, design and technological disciplines; procedural – contains methodological tools of pedagogical interaction (modes, methods, means, learning technologies, etc.) necessary for the realization of the determined goals; evaluative and diagnostics-oriented – guided by criteria and indicators to determine the end-result of the educational process; controlling and regulatory – involves continuous monitoring by a teacher of students` level of readiness for professional activity; operational adjustment of the educational process in accordance with the determined goals and objectives. The pedagogical system developed by the dissertation author is based on the concept of professional training of future elementary school teachers on the basis of folk decorative and applied arts at different levels of generalization and specification - methodological (synthesis of cultural, philosophical, general and branch-specific approaches), theoretical (the complex of key notions and categories, definitions and theories) and technological (an applied component of the system, which ensures its effectiveness in modern conditions, taking into account the principles of the New Ukrainian School in elementary level of general secondary education). The basic components of the concept are: general provisions (regulatory framework, conceptual and categorical apparatus of research, etc.); theoretical and methodological foundations; the core of the concept (didactic patterns and principles); meaning and content of the conceptual; conditions for its implementation; 6) verification. The content of art- and labour-specific training of future elementary school teachers was selected and structured, with the training being characterized by the sequential study of disciplines at different levels of higher education: junior specialist, bachelor; master. Pedagogically-oriented (with the account of the peculiarities of elementary school children) interdisciplinary connections were identified between the components of educational programs, in the process of realization of which future elementary school teacher's readiness for professional activity is developed. The organizational and pedagogical conditions for the effective functioning of the system of professional training of future elementary school teachers based on folk decorative and applied arts (generating students' motivation to study ethnohistorical, spiritual and cultural heritage embodied in the works of folk decorative and applied arts; developing creative cultural and educational environment for the professional training of students with the account of the specifics of the elementary school age group; the continuity of study of art, design and technological disciplines at all levels of professional training of students with the pedagogical focus on the elementary level of secondary education; systematic involvement of students in extra-curricular work in decorative and applied arts). The dissertation discusses the methodological support to practically implement the system of professional training of future elementary school teachers into the educational process of higher education institutions, based on folk decorative and applied arts, which involves integrated use of traditional and innovative methods, active and interactive forms of educational activity, synchronization of learning and creativity into the in-class and autonomous extra-curricular work. The practical implementation of this system includes: courseware for students and teachers ("Art Work on the Basis of Folk Decorative and Applied Art", "Ethno-Pedagogical and Cultural Potential of Folk Toys", etc.); methodological recommendations for teachers on the implementation of the ideas of museum pedagogy, as well as on the organization of educational activities (ethnographic expeditions, local history field trips, excursions to museums and openings, crafts exhibitions, ethnical festivals, workshops, etc.); tools for comprehensive assesment of students' level of readiness for creative art- and labour-related professional activity in elementary school.