Становлення творчої особистості Леся Курбаса (1911–1912 роки)

Abstract

У статті реконструйовано творче життя Леся Курбаса протягом 1911–1912 років у контексті суспільно-політичної ситуації в Галичині як складової частини Австро-Угорської імперії, відтворено хронологію подій, які впливали на процес професійного становлення митця, заповнено деякі “білі плями” в його біографії, пов’язані з перебуванням у Гуцульському театрі, виявлено його працю гімназіальним учителем, спростовано недостовірну та викривлену інформацію про згаданий період творчого життя.

В статье осуществлена реконструкция творческой жизни Леся Курбаса в течение 1911–1912 годов в контексте общественно-политической ситуации в Галиции как составной части Австро-Венгерской империи, воспроизведена хронология событий, которые влияли на процесс профессионального становления художника, заполнены некоторые “белые пятна” в его биографии, связанные с пребыванием в Гуцульском театре, выявлено, что он работал гимназиальным учителем, опровергнута недостоверная и перекрученная информация об упомянутом периоде творческой жизни.

The article is devoted to the reconstruction of Les Kurbas creative life in the period of 1911–1912s in the context of the socio-political situation in Galicia as part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The author reproduces the chronology of the events that have influenced the process of the artist’s professional development. In addition, the author has filled some “gaps” in his biography, disproved the false and distorted information about Les Kurbas creative life in the researched period. 1911 was the quite difficult year for 24-year-old Les Kurbas. It was full of the reflections on the meaning of life and could be the last one in Les Kurbas life. That year was marked by the combination of the following facts: the forced staying in a family home in Staryi Skalat for a while; the performance in the concert, devoted to T. Shevchenko memory on March 4 in Vienna; continuing studing at Vienna University (this fact requires the further clarification); visiting the drama school at the Viennese Imperial-Royal Academy of Music and Performing Arts; working as a teacher in Kopychyntsi gymnasium; staging in the Kopychyntsi gymnasium of Comedy “Teacher” by I. Franko; the short-term work at the Hutsul Theatre of G. Khotkevych; the leading part Revizorchuk in the performance of “Verkhovyntsi” by O. Kozhenovskyi which was staged by the Hutsul Theatre in Teropil on May 23; the waiting for a call as a witness in a court proceeding, dealt with the murder of A. Kotsko, a student; the edition of his Ukrainian translation of the play “Youth” by M. Halbe; his call and service in the Austro-Hungarian Army from September up to October; the refusal of J. Stadnyk, a director of the theatre “Ruska Besida” to accept Les Kurbas to his troupe; the attempt of the suicide; the performance with the declamation at the concert, devoted to the 100th anniversary of M. Shashkevych birth on December 8 in Staryi Skalat. 1912 was the key year in Les Kurbas creative biography and was characterized by the following facts: the end of the teacher carrier in Kopychyntsi himnasium in January (It requires the further clarification); the continuation of his work at the Hutsul theatre as a director, an organiser of the performances, an actor; the leading parts in the Hutsul theatre: Revizorchuk – “Verkhovyntsi”, by O. Kozhenіovskyi; a priest – “Dovbush” by G. Khotkevych and parts of the non-Hutsuls; the preparation of the Hutsul theatre for a tour in the Russian Empire; the preparation the staging of the play “Prahtykovanyi zhovnir”, by G. Khotkevych in the Hutsul theatre; the joining the troupe of the theatre “Ruska Besida” at the beginning of June and his rapid formation as a talented actor.