Розвиток фізико-математичної підготовки у морських навчальних закладах України (1944-2012 рр.)

Abstract

У дисертації подано комплексне дослідження ґенези фізико-математичної підготовки в морських навчальних закладах України у 1944-2012 рр. Охарактеризовано джерельну базу досліджуваного питання та конкретизовано сутність базових понять. Обґрунтовано періодизацію розвитку складно структурованої системи фізико-математичної підготовки курсантів морських навчальних закладів України у 1944-2012 рр. Окреслено особливості та провідні тенденції реформування її компонентів у кожний історичний період. З’ясовано можливості реактуалізації продуктивних ідей вітчизняного досвіду в умовах сучасності.

В диссертации представлены результаты комплексного исследования генезиса физико-математической подготовки в морских учебных заведениях Украины в 1944-2012 гг. Охарактеризован массив источников изучаемого вопроса и конкретизирована сущность базовых понятий. Обоснована периодизация развития сложно структурированной системы физико-математической подготовки курсантов морских учебных заведений Украины в 1944-2012 гг. Определены особенности и основные тенденции реформирования ее компонентов в каждый исторический период. Выяснены возможности реактуализации продуктивных идей отечественного опыта в условиях современности.

The consolidation of the role of fundamental training of specialists in the maritime sphere in modern conditions is determined by rapid development of technical equipment of the world maritime industry. It actualizes the necessity to provide the high-quality physical and mathematical training of graduates of maritime educational institutions taking into account international requirements and standards. However, the practical experience of maritime educational institutions shows that in recent years the separation problem of the studying of physical and mathematical disciplines from life and realities of direct professional activity of future seamen is becoming exacerbated. Herewith, there is a necessity to study the educational process in maritime educational institutions on the territory of Ukraine concerning the development of appropriate measures to improve the quality of physical and mathematical training of students in the historical retrospective. The actuality of the research is also strengthened by the fact that the historical and pedagogical aspect of the development of physical and mathematical training in maritime educational institutions was not the subject of systematic study and separate analysis. In addition, the educational process in maritime educational institutions has its own specificity that requires the special study of this problem. The object of research is the educational process in maritime educational institutions of Ukraine. The subject of research is the genesis of the physical and mathematical training of cadets in maritime educational institutions of Ukraine in 1944-2012. The aim of research is to describe on the basis of retrospective analysis the genesis of physical and mathematical training in maritime educational institutions in 1944-2012 and to substantiate the usefulness of efficient ideas of historical and pedagogical experience in modern practice. The scientific novelty of the dissertation research is in the fact that for the first time in historical and pedagogical science: the comprehensive study of the genesis of physical and mathematical training in maritime educational institutions of Ukraine in 1944-2012 was carried out; the structural components of the physical and mathematical training of cadets of maritime educational institutions as a pedagogical system (interactive, semantic, temporal, functional and target, technological and organizational, control and result) are outlined and their genesis is revealed in each period; the author's periodization of the studied issue was substantiated and the periods of development of physical and mathematical training in maritime educational institutions of Ukraine in 1944-2012 were determined: I period (1944-1960) – organizational and restoration; II period (1961-1992) – theoretical and search that consists of three subperiodes (adaptation and polytechnic (1961-1965), modernization and technological (1966-1984), computerization and reorganizing (1985- 1992)); ІІІ period (1993-2012) – reformation and implementation, divided into two subperiods (standardization and humanitarian (1993-2007), creativity and integration (2008-2012)); the features were outlined and primary tendencies of physical and mathematical training in maritime educational institutions of Ukraine in 1944-2012 were identified; promising directions of the use of efficient ideas of the generalized historical and pedagogical experience in organization of studying process of disciplines of the physical and mathematical cycle as a compulsory component of the training of specialists in maritime sphere in modern conditions. The practical significance of the research is the fact that its results have been reflected in the developed methodological recommendations "Physical and mathematical training in maritime educational institutions of Ukraine (1944-2012)". The content of the work can be used to develop special courses for skill development of teachers of physical and mathematical disciplines, preparation of scientific and methodological conferences and seminars on improving the physical and mathematical training of students. The content, conclusions and source base of the dissertation can be the basis for finding of best ways to form the holistic system of professional qualities of future seamen in the conditions of its reorientation to the needs of world maritime sphere.